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Rowing and OMT American College of Osteopathic Pediatricians

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Presentation on theme: "Rowing and OMT American College of Osteopathic Pediatricians"— Presentation transcript:

1 Rowing and OMT American College of Osteopathic Pediatricians
Shannon Moore, DO Robert Hostoffer, DO

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7 The basic rowing action is a coordinated muscle action that requires application of force in a repetitive, maximal and smooth manner. Every large muscle group will contribute to this action. The rowing action has been divided into the following sequence: The Catch The Drive Leg emphasis Body swing emphasis Arm pull through emphasis The Finish The Recovery

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9 Catch The erector spinae muscles of the back are relaxed to allow for trunk flexion, which is provided by the abdominals. The psoas major and minor and the iliacus flex the pelvis and hips. The sartorius muscle rotates the thighs. The hamstrings and gastrocnemius are contracting while the knees are in flexion. The quadriceps are elongated and stretched, yet the rectus femoris is contributing to hip flexion. The ankles are dorsiflexed by the tibialis anterior. The elbows are extended by the triceps brachii. The grip on the handle is accomplished by the flexor muscles of the fingers and thumb.

10 The Drive Legs Emphasis The quadriceps extend the knee.
The feet are plantar flexed by the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles. A number of stabilizing muscles aid in supporting the lower back. All the muscles of the shoulder are contracting. These include the supra and infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres major and minor, and the biceps brachii. The scapula is stabilized by the serratus anterior and trapezius muscles.

11 Body Swing As the knees are finishing their extension, the hip is also extending by the contraction of the gluteus and hamstring muscles. Back extension is occurring by contraction of the erector spinae. In the upper body, elbow flexion is occurring via the biceps, brachialis, and the brachioradialis muscles.

12 Arm pull through emphasis
The knees are maximally extended, and the ankles are plantar flexed. In addition, hip and back extension are being completed. The upper body musculature is contracting with high force to finish the drive. The elbow flexors are dominant. The flexor and extensor carpi ulnaris muscles of the forearm contract to stabilize and adduct the wrist. The shoulder is extended and adducted. The upper arm is internally rotated by the latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major. The teres minor, posterior deltoid, and long head of the biceps are acting on the shoulder joint. The scapula is rotated downward by the pectoralis minor and then drawn backward by the trapezius and rhomboid muscles.

13 The finish The knees and ankles remain constant as the hips complete a full extension. The back extensors are continually contracting, and the upper arms are internally rotated by the contracting latissimus dorsi. The triceps are extending the elbows slightly.

14 The Recovery The arms are pushed forward and away from the body by the triceps until the elbows reach full extension. The anterior deltoids contract along with the coracobrachialis and biceps, and the upper arms raise slightly as they pass over the extended knees. The abdominals flex the torso, and once the hands have cleared the extended knees, the slide begins its forward motion through ankle dorsiflexion and hip and knee flexion.

15 Rowing injuries low back, mainly due to excessive hyperflexion and twisting, and can include specific injuries such as spondylolysis, sacroiliac joint dysfunction and disc herniation Rib stress fractures account for the most time lost from on-water training and competition. costochondritis, costovertebral joint subluxation and intercostal muscle strains Shoulder pain is quite common in rowers and can be the result of overuse, poor technique, or tension in the upper body. Injuries concerning the forearm and wrist are also common, and can include exertional compartment syndrome, lateral epicondylitis, deQuervain's and intersection syndrome, and tenosynovitis of the wrist extensors Am J Sports Med Jun;37(6): Epub 2009 Mar 19.

16 generalised patellofemoral pain due to abnormal patellar tracking
iliotibial band friction syndrome Bilateral atraumatic medial meniscal tears blisters and abrasions BMJ Case Rep. 2009;2009. pii: bcr Epub 2009 May 17.

17 Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Case 10-2007
Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Case A 55-year-old man impaled in a rowing accident. N Engl J Med Mar 29;356(13):

18 Caused by overuse, poor technique, or tension in the upper body

19 12 month study prospective cohort of injuries in international rowers
Greatest numbers of injuries was to lumber spine Half of the injuries Followed by knees Followed by cervical spine Br J Sports Med Feb;44(3): Epub 2008 Aug 21.

20 RIB OMT

21 Pump handle motion = upper ribs
Bucket handle motion= lower ribs

22 Ribs 1-5

23 Ribs 6-10

24 Caliper motion ribs 11-12

25 Rib Evaulation Place the fingertips of the anterior hand against the costochondral junction, and those of the posterior hand at the rib head of the same rib. Palpate along the region for tissue texture changes and somatic dysfunction in the individual ribs based on respiratory motion.

26 Terminology – For Board Review
Think “somatic dysfunction does” and name the dysfunction for what it likes to do: Exhalation dysfunction: the ribs do not rise with inhalation but move easily with exhalation Inhalation dysfunction: the ribs rise easily with inhalation but do not lower with exhalation

27 More Terminology – For Board Review
Exhalation dysfunction: Pump handle: ribs are stuck down in the front and up in the back Bucket handle: ribs are stuck down and in Caliper: ribs are stuck pincing in Inhalation dysfunction: Pump handle: ribs are stuck up in the front and down in the back Bucket handle: ribs are stuck up and out Caliper: ribs are stuck pincing out

28 When Treating Groups of Ribs:
Which is the ‘key rib’? When Treating Groups of Ribs: Exhalation dysfunction: treat the upper rib in the group (frees up all ribs below it) Inhalation dysfunction: treat the lower rib of the group (this rib is holding all ribs above it in an inhaled position) Using Functional Methods Diagnosis: This approach will lead to the key rib because you are comparing each rib with the one above and the one below. You are finding the one that doesn’t move.

29 Treatments Techniques:
Muscle Energy Rib raising Respiratory diaphragm facilitation/release Soft tissue techniques HVLA (consider patient’s age and history) With all techniques used, one must determine the patient’s condition/medical stability and to which techniques their body will best respond

30 Muscle Energy Easy to do for your hospitalized patient on bed rest/limited activity Know which muscle groups you want to activate depending on the dysfunctional ribs involved Pectoralis minor muscle for upper ribs (3-5) Serratus anterior muscle for middle ribs (4-9) Latissimus dorsi muscle for lower ribs (7-12)

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34 Rib-Raising

35 Demonstrate the procedure on patient in front of director

36 Thumb Pressure

37 Demonstrate the procedure on patient in front of director

38 Thoracic myofacial

39 Demonstrate the procedure on patient in front of director

40 Lateral Recumbent under the shoulder

41 Demonstrate the procedure on patient in front of director

42 OMT Lumbar Spine

43 Myofascial Stretching
Patient is prone. Place thumb onto paraspinal muscles adjacent to the vertebral spinous process. In a bowing like motion stretch the muscles away from you and release. Perform slowly.

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45 Demonstrate the procedure on patient in front of director

46 Lumbar rotation technique
Patient is supine. Have the patient lace fingers behind head. Standing to the side of the patient grab the patient’s contra lateral upper arm and pull toward you and caudally.

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48 Demonstrate the procedure on patient in front of director

49 Lumbar Mobilization The patient is in the lateral recumbent position. The side that the dysfunctional vertebra is rotated towards is up (eg, for a left rotated lumbar, the patient is lying on their RIGHT side). The patients upper most leg is dropped over the side of the table. The patients upper elbow is flexed. The lower elbow is also flexed and the arm is tucked under the head. Stand to the side of the patient with his/her face to you. Your one arm should be placed onto the upper elbow and the other arm placed on the upper hip. A twisting motion is performed by moving the patients elbow backward and the patient’s upper hip forwards, carrying the dysfunctional vertebra into correct position

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51 Demonstrate the procedure on patient in front of director

52 Innervation Table Organ/System Parasympathetic Sympathetic
Ant. Chapman's Post. Chapman's EENT Cr Nerves (III, VII, IX, X) T1-T4 T1-4, 2nd ICS Suboccipital Heart Vagus (CN X) T1-4 on L, T2-3 T3 sp process Respiratory T2-T7 3rd & 4th ICS T3-5 sp process Esophagus T2-T8 --- Foregut T5-T9 (Greater Splanchnic) Stomach 5th-6th ICS on L T6-7 on L Liver Rib 5 on R T5-6 Gallbladder Rib 6 on R T6 Spleen Rib 7 on L T7 Pancreas T5-T9 (Greater Splanchnic), T9-T12 (Lesser Splanchnic) Rib 7 on R Midgut Thoracic Splanchnics (Lesser) Small Intestine T9-T11 (Lesser Splanchnic) Ribs 9-11 T8-10 Appendix  T12 Tip of 12th Rib T11-12 on R Hindgut Pelvic Splanchnics (S2-4) Lumbar (Least) Splanchnics Ascending Colon  Vagus (CN X) T9-T11 (Lesser Splanchnic) R hip T10-11 Transverse Colon Near Knees Descending Colon Pelvic Splanchnic (S2-4) Least Splanchnic L hip T12-L2 Colon & Rectum Pelvic Splanchnics (S2-4) T8-L2

53 Questions 1. The most common injury that rowers experience occurs to what structure: A. Knees B. Neck C. Lumbar spine D. Elbows E. Thoracic spine

54 Questions 2. The bucket handle motion occurs in what rib set:
A. rib 1-5 B. rib 6-10 C. rib 11-12 D. floating ribs E. cervical ribs

55 Questions 3. Shoulder pain in a rower is usually from all of the above except: A. poor technique B. overuse C. tension in the upper body D. idiot for a coxman

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57 Ready…Row


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