1. Backup & Recovery

2. Recovery Models Full Recovery Model Bulk-Logged Recovery Model
All activities that affects the database are logged.
Bulk-Logged Recovery Model
Some actions are logged as having occurred but individual rows affected are not logged.
Simple Recovery Model
The inactive portion of the log is truncated every time a checkpoint is issued.

3. Full Recovery Model
All activities that affects the database are logged.
The transaction log contains a record of all the modifications to the database.

4. Bulk-Logged Recovery Model
Minimal logging
Some actions are logged as having occurred but individual rows affected are not logged.
During next BACKUP LOG event the affected physical extents are copied to the log backup.

5. Simple Recovery Model
The inactive portion of the log is truncated every time a checkpoint is issued.
Transaction log cannot be backed up and used for data recovery since it does not have a complete record of all the transactions that have modified the database.

6. Backup Types Full Backup Differential Backup File/Filegroup Backup
File/Filegroup with Differential
Transaction Log Backup
Partial Backup
Copy Only Backup

7. Full Backup
Backups up all the data in the database and records all database file locations.
SQL Server logs the beginning of a Full database backup in the transaction log and then records all modifications made to the database for the duration of the backup in the transaction log.
The portion of the transaction log that occurred during the backup is saved to the backup media.

8. Differential Backup
Backups on the data that has changed since the last Full backup.
Includes the portion of the transaction log that contains database modifications that occurred during the backup.

9. File/Filegroup Backup
Backup files and filegroups individually.

10. File/Filegroup with Differential
Like Differential
Only available if database is in Full or Bulk-Logged recovery model.
Also available if filegroup is marked as Read Only and database is in Simple Model.

11. Transaction Log Backup
Available in Full or Bulk-Logged Recovery Models.
Three forms:
Pure Log Backup
Bulk Log Backup
Tail Log Backup

12. Partial Backup
Consists of the Primary filegroup, Read Write filegroups, and any Read only filegroup specified.
Idea is to separate filegroups that can change for filegroups that cannot change.

13. Copy Only Backup
Creates a backup without affecting the chain of backups required to restore a database.
They are non-logged backups that can be used outside the maintenance envrionment.

14. Backup Options
Backup Stripe
Mirrored Backup
Compressed Backup

15. Backup Strategies Full Backup Only Bull Backup with Differential
Full Backup with Transaction Log
Full and Differential Backup with Transaction Log
File and Filegroup Backup
Filegroup with Differential
Partial Backup

16. Restoring Databases A three phase process Data Copy Redo Phase
Data copied
Redo Phase
Committed transactions are restored from the log
Undo Phase
Uncommitted transactions are rolled back from the log

17. Database Restore Preparation
Isolate the database by placing it in SINGLE_USER mode (if it is accessible).
Backup up the tail of the transaction log if in Full or Bulk-Logged recovery model.
Gather information about all the backups that are required to restore the database to the most recent state.