1. X Ray Transport, Optics, and Diagnostics Overview
Photon Systems Breakout
Lehman Review
October 24, 2006

2. Outline of XTOD Presentations
Today
Overview – Bionta/McMahon
Tomorrow
8:00 Physics Requirements – Peter Stefan
9:00 Attenuator Status – Stewart Shen
9:30 Gas Detector Status – Stefan Hau-Riege
10:30 Total Energy (Thermal) - Stephan Friedrich

3. Commissioning Diagnostics Now Occupy Upstream End of the Front End Enclosure (FEE)
Slit
Solid
Attenuators
Spectrometer
Package
Collimator 1
Total Energy
Fixed
Mask
Beam Direction
Gas Detector
Gas Attenuator
Direct Imager
(Scintillator)
Gas
Detector
FEL Offset Mirror System occupies downstream end of FEE

4. XTOD WBS elements mostly staffed at LLNL
1.5.1
Management and Safety
Account #
FEE Mech/Vac Design
Account #
Fast Valve
Account #8866-TBD
FEL Offset Mirror System
Account #
Direct Imager
Account #
Mark McKernan x
John Trent x
Stewart Shen x
Pat Duffy x
Louann Tung x
Pat Duffy x
Mike Pivovaroff x
Sasa Bajt x
Paul Pax x
Elden Ables x
Richard Bionta x
Donn McMahon x
Rodney Victorine x
Fixed Mask
Account #
Gas Detector
Account #
Total Energy
Account #
Hazards Control
Richard Beale x
NEH Mech & Vacuum
Account #
Pat Duffy x
Dmitri Ryutov x
Stewart Shen x
Martin Roeben x
Paul Pax x
Stefan Hau-Riege x3-2021
Stephan Friedrich x
Owen Drury x
Elden Ables x
Procurement
Ray Souza
Keith Stickle
Mary Ross
Slit
Account #
Stewart Shen x
Pat Duffy x
Louann Tung x
John Trent x
Low Energy Spectrometer
Account #
John Trent x
Pete Tirapelle x
Modeling & Simulation
Account #
X-Ray Tunnel Mech & Vacuum
Account #
Mike Pivovaroff x
Paul Pax x
Gas/Solid Attenuator
Account #
Controls
Account #
Linda Ott x
Kirby Fong x
Pop-Up Cameras
Account #8866-TBD
Stewart Shen x
Pat Duffy x
Louann Tung x
John Trent x
Dmitri Ryutov x
Stewart Shen x
Martin Roeben x
Keith Kishiyama x
Steve Lewis x
Keith Kishiyama x
William Abraham x
Paul Pax x
Elden Ables x
FEH Mech & Vacuum
Account #
TTF Damage Experiment
Account #
K-Spectrometer
Account #8866-TBD
Stewart Shen x
Pat Duffy x
Louann Tung x
John Trent x
Stefan Hau-Riege x
Rich London x
Mike Pivovaroff x
Paul Pax x

5. XTOD design is progressing down the beam line
Spectrometer
Package
Thermal Detector
Solid
Attenuators
NEH Vacuum
NEH Imager
Fixed
Mask
X-Ray Tunnel
Slit
FEH Imager
Gas Detector
Gas Attenuator
Direct Imager
(Scintillator)
FEL Offset Mirror System
Key:
0) Review process not scheduled to begin yet
1) System Concept Review Complete
2) Preliminary Design Review Complete
3) Final Design Review Complete

6. Designs based on simulations of the transport of spontaneous radiation to the instruments…
Soft X-Ray Spontaneous
(4.5 GeV Linac K. E.)
Hard X-Ray Spontaneous
(14.5 GeV Linac K. E.)
Y, mm
Y, mm
X, mm
X, mm
2.1 x 1011 photons, total
3.8 x 10-4 J, total
9.1 x 10-5 J/cm2, center
9.2 x 1011 photons, total
1.3 x 10-2 J, total
7.3 x 10-3 J/cm2, center
Images show soft and hard x-ray footprint in the area of the FEE diagnostics

7. …and simulations of the saturated FEL in the area of the FEE diagnostics
Soft X-Ray FEL
(826 eV photon energy)
Hard X-Ray FEL
(8261 eV photon energy)
Y, mm
Y, mm
X, mm
X, mm
1.9 x 1013 photons, total
2.5 x 10-3 J, total
0.2 J/cm2, center
1.1 mm, FWHM
1.8 x 1012 photons, total
2.4 x 10-3 J, total
3.4 J/cm2, center
160 mm, FWHM

8. To avoid single-shot damage we choose materials whose doses are a fraction of melt
Maximum dose along the beam line for different materials
(under normal illumination assuming fully saturated FEL a la M. Xie)
Shown is the maximum dose (over Ephoton=827 to 8267eV)
e- dump
FEE
SiC melted
Si melted
(maximum over eV)
Dose (eV/atom)
B4C melted
Be melted
Si - 5/9 melt
SiC - 1/9 melt
B4C - 1/12 melt
Be - 1/50 melt
meters from end of undulator

9. Diagnostics measure primary spontaneous and FEL characteristics
FEL Measurements
Spontaneous Measurements u
Total energy / pulse l1
Photon wavelength
Dl/l1
Photon wavelength spread
X,Y
Pulse centroid
f(x,y)
Spatial distribution
su,sl1
Temporal variation in beam parameters
DK/K
Relative K of undulator segments
f(x,y,l1)
Spatial distribution around l1 l1
1st harmonic Photon wavelength
Dl/l1
1st harmonic wavelength spread
su,sl1
Temporal variation in beam parameters
Finding 1st faint FEL during commissioning is a priority

10. Front End Enclosure (FEE) Schematic
Start of Experimental
Hutches
Windowless Gas Detector
5 mm diameter collimators
Monochrometer
(K Spectrometer)
Direct Imager
Soft X-Ray Offset mirror system
Solid
Attenuator
NFOV
High-Energy
Slit
Soft X-Ray Grating e-
Total
Energy
Thermal Detector
Gas
Attenuator
WFOV
Hard X-Ray Offset mirror system
Windowless Gas Detector
Muon Shield

11. Slit and Fixed Mask Define Maximum Beam Spatial Extent
Status Fixed Mask and Slit:
PRD done
SCR done
PDR done
ESD in signature
FDR in preparation

12. Attenuator will provide gas and solids to attenuate FEL
Upstream gas attenuator differential pumping section
4.5 meter long, gas attenuator high pressure N2 section
Downstream gas attenuator differential pumping section
Upstream embedded gas detector
Embedded (Be) solid attenuators
Status Attenuator:
PRD done
SCR done
Prototype done
ESD draft
PDR in preparation
Upstream embedded gas detector
See talk on attenuator system by Stewart Shen tomorrow 8:30 am

13. Gas Detectors monitor shot-to-shot FEL energy through photoluminescence of N2 gas
Filtered photo detectors measure UV light production
Magnet Coils
Gas attenuator differential Pumping
Section (not to scale)
Gas attenuator differential Pumping
Section (not to scale)
FEL
Status Gas Detector:
PRD done
SCR done
Gas & Magnet prototype done
ESD begun
PDR in preparation
Beam / Gas Interaction Region
(~0.1 – 2 Torr N2)
FEL induces N2 molecules to emit UV light
Gas Feed
And
Pressure Control
See talk on gas detectors by Stefan Hau-Riege tomorrow 9:30 am

14. Detector monochrometer measures intensity at a single point
Channel-cut Si Monochrometer will be used to measure relative K of two undulator segments
Monochrometer
Two undulator spontaneous spectrum. Falloff of high energy tail is independent of aperture
Detector
Detector monochrometer measures intensity at a single point
Linac E variation and
measurement
Status K Spectrometer:
PRD due 12/06
Two undulator spontaneous high energy falloff has highest slope when DK/K=0.
Use linac E variation and measurement to obtain other points along curve

15. Total Energy (Thermal) Sensor provides calibrated measurement of FEL pulse energy
Measures FEL energy deposition through temperature rise
Cu heat sink
Thermistors
Nd0.66Sr0.33MnO3
(On back of substrate)
Sensor Temperature Rise 1 2 3 4 5
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
Time [ms]
Tc200
Tc150
Tc100
FEL pulse
[K]
0.5 mm Si substrate
t = 0
t = 0.1 ms
t = 0.25 ms
Thermal diffusion of FEL energy
Status Total Energy:
PRD done
SCR done
Prototype begun
See talk on thermal sensor by Stephan Friedrich tomorrow 10:30 am

16. Direct Imager provides Images of Spontaneous and (attenuated) FEL
Photometrics Cascade:512B
back-illuminated EMCCD
16-µm pixels
512 x 512 format
45 e- fps
Full Well: 200,000 e-
Single shot measurement of f(x,y), x, y ,u
Scintillators:
50 mm thick YAG:Ce
find hard x-ray FEL
5 mm thick YAG:Ce
find soft x-ray FEL
1 mm thick YAG:Ce
spontaneous studies
+ one other for tests
diamond
Cameras
Status Direct Imager:
Prototypes in progress
PRD draft started
SCR 11/06
Scintillators

17. Soft X-Ray Spontaneous signal in WFOV Direct Imager
Absorbed in 5 um YAG,
Maximum ~ 20,000 photoelectrons/pixel
Camera: Photometrics 512B
Objective: Navitar Platinum 50
Power:
NA:

18. Soft X-Ray FEL signal in WFOV Direct Imager
Absorbed in 5 um YAG,
Maximum ~ 3.7e+8 photoelectrons/pixel
Camera: Photometrics 512B
Objective: Navitar Platinum 50
Power:
NA:

19. Soft X-Ray FEL signal in WFOV Direct Imager (Zoomed in)
Absorbed in 5 um YAG,
Maximum ~ 3.7e+8 photoelectrons/pixel
Camera: Photometrics 512B
Objective: Navitar Platinum 50
Power:
NA:

20. Hard X-Ray Spontaneous signal in NFOV Direct Imager
Absorbed in 50 um YAG,
Maximum ~ 10,000 photoelectrons/pixel
Camera: Photometrics 512B
Objective: Linos/Rodenstock Apo-Rodagon-D
Power: 0.8
NA:

21. Hard X-Ray FEL signal in WFOV Direct Imager
Absorbed in 50 um YAG,
Maximum ~ 5.0e+7 photoelectrons/pixel
Camera: Photometrics 512B
Objective: Linos/Rodenstock Apo-Rodagon-D
Power: 0.8
NA:
Zoomed

22. First Undulator Segment’s Hard X-Ray Spontaneous signal in WFOV Direct Imager
Absorbed in 1 mm YAG,
Maximum ~ 1,800 photoelectrons/pixel
Camera: Photometrics 512B
Objective: Navitar Platinum 50
Power:
NA:

23. Thermal Detector and Direct Imager
Calibration Laser
Beam Direction
Laser Energy Meter

24. Hard X-Ray Offset Mirror System (HOMS):
Status HOMS:
PRD 1/-7
SCR 2/07

25. Soft X-Ray Offset Mirror System (SOMS):
Status SOMS:
PRD circulating
SCR 11/06

26. XTOD elements in Near Hall
Collimators
Hard X-Ray Vacuum transport
NEH Imager
Location TBD
SCR 3/07

27. XTOD Tunnel Design Complete
Status Tunnel:
PRD done
SCR done
PDR done
ESD done
FDR in review

28. XTOD hardware in the Far Hall
Farr Hall Imager
Location TBD
SCR 4/07

29. Integrated EPICS control system for XTOD has been designed

30. XTOD Basis of Estimate

31. XTOD Cost to Go at WBS Level 3
1.05 X-Ray Transport & Diagnostics System
$M, Burdened, Escalated
TEC Estimate to Complete
Contingency %
Contingency
Total Estimated Cost (TEC)
13.79
28.7%
3.95
System Management & Integration
1.64
17.0%
0.28
Mechanical & Vacuum Subsystem
2.34
22.0%
0.52
Optical Subsystem
4.76
34.9%
1.66
Diagnostics Subsystem
4.17
30.6%
1.28
X-Ray Transport System Installation & Alignment
0.88
25.0%
0.22

32. XTOD FY07 Development Status & Plan
WBS
Description
Status
FY07 Plan
FEE M&V
Need RP input for PRD
Leverage off XVTS, Complete Final Design & Procure, Ready for B.O.
(.01)
NEH M&V
Leverage off XVTS, Complete Final Design & Procure Ready for B.O.
XVTS M&V
Final Design scheduled for
Complete Design, Procure, Ready for B.O..
(.01)
FEH M&V
Leverage off XVTS, Complete Final Design & Procure
Fast Valve
Commence preliminary design
Place in EBD,Complete Final Design & Procure Ready for B.O.
Fixed Mask
Finish ESD, Nearing FDR (11.06)
Complete Design, Procure, Ready for B.O.
Slit
Finish ESD, Nearing FDR (12..06)
Attenuator
Finish ESD & Prototype Activities
TTF Damage Experiment
Sept FLASH VUVFEL
Complete analyses
FEL Offset - Low
PRD in review
FEL Offset - High
PRD to commence
Complete Final Design (8.07), Procure Substrates
Direct Imager
Finish PRD, Prototype, Component Eval
Gas Detector
SCR complete, Prototyping
Conduct Calibration Tests (SSRL), Complete Design, Procure, Ready for B.O
NEH Imager
PRD (12.06)
Leverage off DI, Complete Final Design, Procure systems
FEH Imager
Total Energy Monitor
SCR Complete, Prototyping
Low Energy Spectrometer
PRD to start (11.06)
Pop Ups (N)
PRD (1.07)
Complete Final Design, Procure systems
K-Spectrometer

33. Near Term Completion (<1mo)
XTOD Key Dates
Target XTOD Dates
Key Documents
Design Reviews
Install
B.O.
WBS
Description
PRD
ESD
SCR
PDR
FDR
Cooccupancy
FEE M&V (need RP Input)
10.06
(.01)
NEH M&V (need RP Input)
XVTS M&V -
(.01)
FEH M&V (need RP Input)
Combine w/ NEH reviews
Fast Valve --
Fixed Mask
4.06;
5.4.06
Slit
Attenuator
FEL Offset - Low
FEL Offset - High
2.07
5.07
8.07
Direct Imager
Gas Detector
NEH Imager
FEH Imager
Total Energy Monitor
8.06
12.06
3.07
Low Energy Spectrometer
Pop Ups (N)
K-Spectrometer
3.08?
Completed
Near Term Completion (<1mo)

34. XTOD Key Dates – 6 Month Look ahead (<6/07)
Target XTOD Dates
Key Documents
Design Reviews
Install
B.O.
WBS
Description
PRD
ESD
SCR
PDR
FDR
Cooccupancy
FEE M&V (need RP Input)
10.06
(.01)
NEH M&V (need RP Input)
XVTS M&V -
(.01)
FEH M&V (need RP Input)
Combine w/ NEH reviews
Fast Valve --
Fixed Mask
4.06;
5.4.06
Slit
Attenuator
FEL Offset - Low
FEL Offset - High
2.07
5.07
8.07
Direct Imager
Gas Detector
NEH Imager
FEH Imager
Total Energy Monitor
8.06
12.06
3.07
Low Energy Spectrometer
Pop Ups (N)
K-Spectrometer
3.08?
Completed

35. XTOD Level 3 Milestones

36. Low Energy Mirror System: Final PRD preparation nearly complete
The FEL Offset Mirror Systems are critical systems for LCLS Experimental Operations
Low Energy Mirror System: Final PRD preparation nearly complete

37. The High Energy Mirror System requires long lead procurements
The FEL Offset Mirror Systems are critical systems for LCLS Experimental Operations
The High Energy Mirror System requires long lead procurements

38. XTOD is approximately 36% complete (current baseline) and is tracking schedule and performance plans
FY06
FY07 is the largest funding year at $12M and includes nearly all XTOD procurements

39. XTOD work flow follows ISMS practices for each WBS element
WBS Dictionary
LCLS Physics Requirements
ICDs
IWS (Integrated Work Sheet) is LLNL wide e-form for documenting ISMS for each work package:
Scope
Hazards
Controls
Roles (RI…)
Responsibilities
Training
Signoff
Hardware
Installation
Operations
Servicing
ESDs
Designs
Eng. Safety Notes
Certified Parts Lists

40. Integrated Safety Worksheets are being Developed for Each Task

41. Summary
FY2006 was a year for XTOD physics design and for refining our plan
Type and layout of FEE diagnostics settled and programmed into P3
Offset mirrors accommodated into FEE and programmed into P3
Physics Requirements & System Concept Reviews finished for several systems
Slit, Fixed mask, Attenuators, Gas Detectors, Thermal sensor
Remainder on schedule to follow in FY07
Estimate to Complete (ETC) has been Revised
The plan forward meets the required installation and commissioning dates for all XTOD systems
FY07 will be a year of design completion and procurement of all systems with most ready for shipping to SLAC for BO
XTOD instruments are now in the design review phase
Nearly all XTOD staff has been added and aligned with WBS elements
XTOD is tracking the current plan
Critical path items are being actively scrutinized to ensure success (concurrent tasking and early procurement of long lead items)
Work flow follows the principle of ISM (development to install/commissioning)