1. In-Gas Laser Ionization and Spectroscopy of rare isotopes
P. Creemers, R. Ferrer, L. Ghys, C. Granados, M. Huyse, Yu. Kudryavtsev, Y. Martínez,
E. Mogilevskiy, S. Raeder, S. Sels, P. Van den Bergh, P. Van Duppen, A. Zadvornaya
KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica
OUTLINE
Motivation
In-Gas-Cell Laser LISOL
In-Gas-Jet Laser S3-LEB
Summary & Outlook
R. Ferrer · BriX Workshop: Spring 2014

2. Motivation N = Z nuclei -Study role of proton-neutron correlations-
Proximity doubly magic N = Z = 50 -strong shell correction effects-
Proton drip line -rp process, nuclei far off stability-
SHE – understand SHE and those at the limit of nuclear existence –
Nuclear properties: deformation, shape coexistence
Atomic properties: transition energies and strengths, ionization
potentials, observe QED and relativistic effects
 test nuclear and atomic models and guide new theoretical development
R. Ferrer · BriX Workshop: Spring 2014

3. Laser spectroscopy for nuclear physics
Static moments of exotic nuclei are determined by the interaction of the nuclear charge
distribution and nuclear magnetism with the electromagnetic fields created by the atomic electrons
Measured: Isotope shifts Isomer shifts Hyperfine splitting
Deduced observables:
(model independent)
Sizes
Quadrupole Mom.
Dipole Mom.
Spins
Inferred information:
(model dependent)
Single/few particle configurations
Shapes/deform. parameters
R. Ferrer · BriX Workshop: Spring 2014

4. Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy
Leuven Isotope Separator On-Line (LISOL) facility:
In-Gas Laser Ionization and Spectroscopy (IGLIS) of RIB’s
Yu. Kudryavtev et al., NIM B 114 (1996) 350
M . Facina et al., NIM B 226 (2004) 401
excimer 1
excimer 2
dye
reference
cell
He-Ne
λ-meter
gas cell
CYCLONE 110
cyclotron beam
SPIG
target
accel.
optics
dipole
magnet
tape station / windmill
collector
plates
SHG
SEM
Ionization
chamber
Laser Hut
~ 15 m
measuring station:
Max. rep.: 200 Hz λ1 λ2
g.s
continuum λ1 λ2 IP
Aut. state
In-gas-cell spectroscopy of neutron
deficient Cu and Ag isotopes
T. E. Cocolios et al., PRL 103 (2009)
T. E. Cocolios et al., PRC 81 (2010)
R. F. et al., PLB 728 (2014) 191
R. Ferrer · BriX Workshop: Spring 2014

5. In-Gas-Cell Laser Spectroscopy of Ag
92Mo(14N – 130 MeV,2pxn)104−xAg
64,natZn(36Ar – 125 MeV,pxn)101−xAg
count rates: 101Ag=2.3 pps , 97Ag=0.9 pps
etotal~2 %
R. Ferrer · BriX Workshop: Spring 2014

6. Results Analysis of Ag Data
R.F. et al., Phys. Lett. B 728 (2014) 191
- Mean charge radii show parabolic trend
as in isotope chains of Cd, In, and Sn
- LISOL results show a trend towards spherical
nuclear shape as predicted by droplet model
- Tentative spin assignment of 97,99Ag to 9/2
- Lack of spectral resolution does not allow spin assignment of 98,100Ag
R. Eder et al., PRC 31 (1985) 190
V. V. Golovko et al., PRC 81 (2010)
U. Dinger et al. NPA, 503 (1989) 331
W. Fischer et al. Z. Phys. A, 274 (1975) 79
R. Ferrer · BriX Workshop: Spring 2014

7. Attempt at Laser Spectroscopy on Sn
Strong l-dependence on pressure
Impossible HFS measurements
(FWHM~15GHz)
92Mo(16O-100 MeV,2-3n)105,106Sn
gbr =32(4) MHz/mbar
120Sn
Yu. Kudryavtsev et al., RSI 85 (2014) 02B915
A. Nadeem et al., J.P.B 33 (2000) 3729
106Sn
argon
etotal~0.5 %, selectivity~400
R. Ferrer · BriX Workshop: Spring 2014

8. Broadband Spectroscopy of Ac
197Au(20Ne-145 MeV,4-5n)212,213Ac
I.P cm-1
2D3/2
4P5/2 nm nm
g.s.
continuum
cm-1
cm-1
2D3/2
4P5/2 nm
434.7 nm
g.s.
continuum
cm-1
46810.cm-1
I.P cm-1
J. Rossnagel et al., PRA 85 (2012)
R. Ferrer · BriX Workshop: Spring 2014

9. Laser Spectroscopy in the Free Gas Jet

10. Towards extraction RFQ
Laser Spectroscopy in the Free Gas Jet L2 L1
Gas cell
900 -bent RFQ
Towards extraction RFQ
Yu. Kudryavtsev et al., NIM B 297 (2013) 7
Detector
Atomic beam
Laser beams +
Crucible
T=1250K
Atomic Beam Unit
p~ 5·10-6 mbar a b
1830 MHz
450 MHz
300 MHz
Atomic beam
63Cu Gas Jet
65Cu
R. Ferrer · BriX Workshop: Spring 2014

11. HELIOS @ KU Leuven measuring station dipole magnet beam optics
front-end vacuum chamber
- gas cell
- RFQ ion guides
pumping system
beam diagnostics
dipole magnet
measuring station
beam optics
Investigate jet properties with CD nozzle
Test new laser system
Optimize gas cell design
R. Ferrer · BriX Workshop: Spring 2014

12. REGLIS3 @ SPIRAL2 (GANIL)
VHE (actinides)
Atomic scheme for Ac recently tested
Develop Atomic schemes for other actinides
- in-jet spectroscopy to increase resolution
80Zr
- Atomic scheme to be studied
- In-gas cell/In-gas jet spectroscopy DE
l1,2 l2 l1
gas inlet
S3 beam
toward
MR-ToF & detectors or
DESIR
Gas Cell
RFQ ion guides
in-gas-cell
ionization
in-gas-jet Sn
- Atomic scheme known
In-jet mode required
owing to p dependence
94Ag
- Atomic scheme known
- In-jet mode to increase resolution
R.F. et al., NIM B 317 (2013) 570
R. Ferrer · BriX Workshop: Spring 2014

13. Candidates for IGLIS in the 100Sn region
N=Z
N = 50
N = 40
Z=50
R. Ferrer · BriX Workshop: Spring 2014

14. Candidates for IGLIS in the SHE region
Z = 112
N = 126
N = 168
265Bh
254No
248Bk
231U
215Ac
Atomic transitions need to be found prior to laser spectroscopy studies
Interplay between theory and experiments is required to extract nuclear
ground- and isomeric-state properties
R. Ferrer · BriX Workshop: Spring 2014

15. Outlook
Optimize IGLIS technique in the HELIOS laboratory at KU Leuven
Relocate laser system at S3 to perform spectroscopy with the REGLIS3 setup:
Perform high-sensitivity laser spectroscopy on RIB’s with an enhanced resolution
~ 300 MHz
97Ag
Provide high-purity isomeric beams for other users of the S3-LEB
R. Ferrer · BriX Workshop: Spring 2014

16. GANIL- IPN Orsay – LPC Caen:
Acknowledgments
Collaborators
JYFL University of Jyväskylä:
I. Moore, M. Reponen, V. Sonnenschein
GANIL- IPN Orsay – LPC Caen:
B. Bastin, D. Boilley, Ph. Dambre, P. Delahaye, P. Duchesne, X. Fléchard S. Franchoo, N. Lecesne, H. Lu, F. Lutton, Y. Merrer, B. Osmond, J. Piot , O. Pochon, H. Savajols , J. C. Thomas, E. Traykov
RIKEN-Tokyo: T. Sonoda JINR-Dubna: S. Zemlyanoy
University of Mainz:
A. Hakimi, T. Kron, S. Richter, J. Rossnagel, K. Wendt
GSI-Darmstadt: M. Block, M. Laatiaoui
AND THANK YOU ALL FOR YOUR ATTENTION