1. Concepts in Familial Colorectal Cancer: Where Do We Stand and What Is the Future? 
Antoni Castells, Sergi Castellví–Bel, Francesc Balaguer 
Gastroenterology 
Volume 137, Issue 2, Pages (August 2009)
DOI: /j.gastro
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2. Figure 1
Life-time risk of developing CRC according to clinical characteristics (family history) or genetic background based upon the number of common, low-penetrance risk alleles depicted in Table 1. FDR, first-degree relative (parents, siblings, and children); SDR, second-degree relative (grandparents, aunts, and uncles); TDR, third-degree relative (great-grandparents and cousins).
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /j.gastro )
Copyright © 2009 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Recommendation for screening people with family history of CRC.1 In these settings, colonoscopy should be performed starting at age 40 years or 10 years younger than the earliest diagnosis in their family, whichever comes first. HNPCC, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer; FDR, first-degree relative; FOBT, fecal occult blood testing; SDR, second-degree relative; TDR, third-degree relative. According to Winawer et al,43 and adapted from Castells et al.44
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /j.gastro )
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