1. The Abolitionist Campaign (The methods of the Abolitionists)
Lesson starter:
Who were the abolitionists?
What evidence did they have to show people how awful the slave trade was?

2. We are learning to… I can…
Describe the methods the Abolitionists used to get publicity
I can…
Create a mind map and answer three questions on the Abolitionist Campaign
Complete a How Fully on the abolitionist methods

3. Background
The abolitionists needed to win public support for their campaign to abolish the slave trade
Their first aim was to stop British ships taking slaves to the West Indies from Africa
They did this in a number of ways;
Educating people about the trade
Using pictures/ images
Getting the issue discussed in parliament

4. Mind Map – add information around this title
The Abolitionist campaign
(methods)

5. 1. Education
Twelve escaped slaves formed a group called ‘The Sons of Africa’ in the 1780s
Members included Olaudah Equiano and Ottobah Cugoana
Equiano wrote an autobiography and toured the country promoting it
Cuguano also published a book which argued slavery was wrong and every white British man was in some way responsible
Many thousands of people bought and read the books

6. Thomas Clarkson travelled round Africa and Britain using objects to gain support for the abolitionist movement
He showed people shackles, whips and thumbscrews and they were shocked
He also tried to show Africans things that they could trade with rather than people

7. 2. Images
Only about 50% of British people could read so images were important in education too
Thomas Clarkson convinced Josiah Wedgewood (a rich potter)and he designed a seal used to close envelopes
It used the phrase ‘Am I Not a Man and a Brother’ with an African begging for mercy
This became the logo of the Abolitionists
It appeared on Wedgewood pottery
Also used on necklaces and brooches

8. What do you think this bowl is designed to hold?

9. A necklace and medal

10. 1796 drawing by William Blake of a slave being hung by the ribs

11. 3. Parliament
Only MPs could actually pass a law to make the slave trade illegal
In the 1700s only rich men could vote or become MPs
Many MPs owned plantations and made money from the slave trade
Petitions were sent to parliament
Between 1787 and petitions were sent to Parliament from almost every UK town and city
More than 60,000 signed them but the first Abolition Bill was rejected
By 1792, 519 petitions had been sent
390,000 signatures
The MPs were finding them harder to ignore!

12. Quakers regularly lobbied MPs (tried to persuade them) about the evils of slavery
In 1788, Equiano led a group to parliament to lead a move to improve conditions on the middle passage
He also spoke to a number of MPs and the Prime Minister about banning the slave trade

13. In 1780, William Wilberforce was elected as an MP (at only 21)
He was a clever and witty speech maker
Wilberforce became a very passionate abolitionist campaigner
In 1787 he met Thomas Clarkson and he gave Wilberforce evidence to use in his speeches in parliament
He made many speeches over the next 18 years to MPs in the Houses of Parliament

15. Remember this name!!
Probably THE most important person/ factor in the abolition of the slave trade.
Real William Wilberforce ^^^
Actor in Amazing Grace >>>

16. Wilberforce tried to convince MPs to accept a bill against the slave trade in 1789
He repeated this annually until 1806
He received fierce opposition from those making money from the trade
In 1792, a Bill to end the trade ‘gradually’ was introduced
But those in the trade merely ignored it

17. Test your knowledge
What were used to educate people about the slave trade? 2 marks
Why were images an important part of the abolitionist campaign? 2 marks
What were the three ways the campaign was publicised in Parliament? 3 marks
Extension – write a description of the three ways.

18. The Christians & The Abolition Movement
Lesson starter: How would the slave trade fit in with the Catholic values we learn in St Andrew’s? Give some examples/ ideas.

19. I can… We are learning to…
Describe the views of religious groups on the slave trade
I can…
Summarise their viewpoints in no more than 20 words each

20. The Christians & The Abolition Movement
Many plantation owners and slave traders were members of the Church of England
They argued that slavery was mentioned in the bible and therefore was OK
The Church of England actually owned slave plantations in the West Indies

21. They said it was not Christian and God said all people were equal
The Quakers were a separate church who condemned slavery from the 1700s
They said it was not Christian and God said all people were equal
They were also pacifists and said that slavery caused wars in Africa
9 of the first 12 members of the Abolitionist Society were Quakers
They produced many anti-Slavery books and leaflets in Britain
Quaker meeting house at Charing X, Glasgow

22. The Evangelists believed it was important to do as Jesus had done i. e
The Evangelists believed it was important to do as Jesus had done i.e. love thy neighbour
Most evangelicals believed Black people were inferior BUT they did oppose the slave trade
John Newton was an evangelical abolitionist
He was an ex slave ship captain who had found God

23. He became a rector (like a priest) and gave speeches where he admitted he had punished and flogged slaves
He wrote a book Thoughts upon the African Slave Trade which was important in gaining publicity for the abolitionists
He wrote a book of hymns too including Amazing Grace
Click on link for video
John Newton

24. Task - Summaries The Church of England The Quakers The Evangelists
Summarise the views of each religion on the Atlantic Slave Trade in no more than 20 words each
The Church of England
The Quakers
The Evangelists

25. Women against Atlantic Slavery
Hannah More, a poet & playwright was important in the abolitionist movement
She was a close friend of John Newton (amazing grace) & Wilberforce
She wrote poems speaking out against the slave trade
However, women were seen as second class citizens at the time (couldn’t vote etc) and were not invited to sign petitions
Many however wore the Wedgewood images on jewellery & brooches to show their support for the campaign

26. The Sugar Boycott
Women played a crucial role in this campaign aimed at cutting demand for slave trade-produced sugar
Putting food on the table was a woman’s job then; they stopped buying it and giving it to their families
By 1792, about 400,000 people were boycotting slave produced sugar
Grocers reported sugar sales dropping by 1/3rd

27. People started buying sugar from elsewhere e. g
People started buying sugar from elsewhere e.g. India and were proud to show this off

28. Abolitionists Question Practice – pick a colour & see what question you get!

29. Abolitionists Question Practice
2018
2014
2017
Specimen Paper
2016

30. 2018
Compare the views of Sources B and C about the methods used by the abolitionists. (Compare the sources overall and/or in detail.) 4

31. 2017

32. 2016 4

33. 2014 9

34. Specimen

36. Task – N5 How Fully Q p84 of textbook
How Fully q – 5 marks 3 points from source, 2 from own knowledge Structure: The source gives a fairly good description of… The source says ‘…’ which means… (x3) The source fails to mention other methods such as… (x2)

37. Answers From the source;
Freed slaves such as Cugoano attended meetings and spoke about their experiences
Thomas Clarkson toured the country describing/ shocking people with slave stories
Many petitions send to parliament from all over the UK
From Recall
The sugar boycott
Books written eg, Equiano
Images & pottery ie Wedgwood
Religious figures/ hymns ie John Newton
Women’s involvement – ie wearing images Hannah More

38. Why did it take so long to end the Slave Trade?
Granville Sharp brought his first legal case against the slave trade in 1765
The Abolitionists Society first protested at parliament in 1783
In 1789, William Wilberforce introduced a Bill to end slavery
However, in 1807, the Atlantic Slave Trade was still going strong
Why?

39. There was a pro slavery campaign – people scaremongered British people into believing that Britain would lost all it’s wealth or people would lose jobs if slavery was abolished
The pro slavery campaign produced propaganda which said slaves had a decent life and pictures in magazines showing happy slaves. They said many poor British people had worse lives than slaves!
Many MPs had invested in the slave trade or owned plantations therefore they had a financial interest in keeping the trade
Pro slavery campaigners were brought into Parliament to give ‘evidence’ that the middle passage was not brutal and slaves had music and dancing; some MPs were also bribed by slave traders
Supporters of slavery like Thomas Leyland, Mayor of Liverpool gave public speeches warning of the economic consequences of abolition
Many religious groups like the Church of England argued for slavery and many clergy had investments in the trade
There had been a revolution of slaves on Haiti (French colony) in 1791 and people worried if Britain abolished slavery similar uprisings would occur on islands like Jamaica

40. Test your knowledge: N5 question
Explain the reasons why many people in Britain continued to support the slave trade.
6 marks.
(From 2014 paper!)
British people continued to support the slave trade because… x6

41. Answers
It brought wealth to Britain and was popular with those who had become rich
The trade brought employment to Britain i.e. shipyards, sugar refineries
Cities profited (Glasgow, Liverpool, Bristol) so people in those cities wanted to see it continue
The products of the slave trade i.e. sugar, tobacco were in great demand and people didn’t want to give them up
Many MPs had financial interests in the trade so helped it continue
The slave trade allowed Britain to remain powerful and many worried competitors i.e. France would just step in
Revolts i.e. Haiti worried/ shocked people into continuing to support slavery
Any other valid point.

42. Model Answer
Many people in Britain continued to support the Slave Trade because many traders had become very wealthy from the trade and wanted this to continue. Many people in Britain continued to support the Slave Trade because ports like Bristol, Liverpool and Glasgow greatly profited from it and the people who live din these ports wanted it to continue. Many people in Britain supported the Slave Trade because many MPs in Britain had financial interests in the trade and therefore campaigned and voted to keep the slave trade in Britain. Many people continued to support the slave trade because many jobs were reliant on it i.e. Shipbuilding and jobs in sugar refineries and didn’t want to lose their job. Many people in Britain continued to support the slave trade because the goods of the trade i.e. sugar and tobacco were in high demand and people wanted the goods. Many people in Britain supported the slave trade because they believed Britain’s power rested on the slave trade and they wanted Britain to remain rich and powerful in Europe.