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An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilant fricatives Martine Toda 1,2 & Kiyoshi Honda 1 1 ATR, Human Information Science Laboratories, Japan. 2 Laboratoire.

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Presentation on theme: "An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilant fricatives Martine Toda 1,2 & Kiyoshi Honda 1 1 ATR, Human Information Science Laboratories, Japan. 2 Laboratoire."— Presentation transcript:

1 An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilant fricatives Martine Toda 1,2 & Kiyoshi Honda 1 1 ATR, Human Information Science Laboratories, Japan. 2 Laboratoire de Phonétique et Phonologie UMR 7018, Université Paris III / CNRS, France.

2 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 2 Sibilant fricatives Fricatives produced with clenched teeth (or the upper teeth close to the lower lip) (Ladefoged and Maddieson, 1996) Acoustically characterized by a loud frication noise (Shadle, 1985) Distinguished each other by their noise spectrum (Harris, 1958)

3 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 3 Sibilant fricatives in Toda (a Dravidian language spoken in India), Ladefoged and Maddieson (1996, p.160) Sibilants: a consonantal subsystem

4 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 4 Aims of the study To examine how sibilants are contrasted with each other in articulation and how the articulatory space is delimited by phonological features

5 Method

6 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 6 Languages, sibilants and subjects unvoiced sibilant fricatives 3 sibilants system /s, s //s, //s,, / type of contrastpalatalization place of articulation both languageJapaneseFrenchEnglishChineseSwedish number of subjects 9 7541 125 2 sibilants systems front contrast of place of articulation back contrast of place of articulation palatalized contrast of palatalization not palatalized contrast of palatalization

7 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 7 MRI data acquisition Sibilant fricatives –Sustained fricatives –Supine position Teeth –tongue and lips kept tightly close to teeth direction scanned area resolution slice thickness and spacing TETR scan duration sagittal 128 mm 128 mm 45 mm 0.25 mm 1.5 mm3.3 ms10 ms23 s The Shimadzu-Marconi ECLIPSE 1.5T scanner at ATRs Brain Activity Imaging Center

8 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 8 Redeeming teeth original MRI data sibilants teeth merging teeth and articulatory data The three data sets are manually fitted in Intage rv (KGT Inc.); Estimated precision: 0.25 mm and 0.5 extracted teeth shape upper teeth lower teeth } extraction helped by rough hand tracing

9 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 9 Articulatory measurements place of articulation mid-sagittal slice tongue shape palatalization index = front cavity area =

10 Results

11 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 11 front cavity area (mm 2 ) palatalization index (mm) s sjsj s s ellipses for 2 s Fr. En. Ch. Sw. J.

12 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 12 front cavity area (mm 2 ) palatalization index (mm) s sjsj s s ellipses for 2 s j and Ch. Sw. J.

13 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 13 front cavity area (mm 2 ) palatalization index (mm) s sjsj s s ellipses for 2 and Fr. En. Ch. Sw.

14 Discussion

15 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 15 front cavity area (mm 2 ) palatalization index (mm) s sjsj s s ellipses for 2 Feature specification and articulatory space s sjsj s s

16 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 16 front cavity area (mm 2 ) palatalization index (mm) s sjsj s s ellipses for 2 Redundant feature specification s sjsj s

17 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 17 front cavity area (mm 2 ) palatalization index (mm) s sjsj s s ellipses for 2 Inventory size and articulatory space s s

18 Conclusion

19 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 19 Summary /s/ front, /s j and / long constriction, / and / back and / / shorter constriction than / / in 3 sibilants languages Articulatory space split into smaller parts when a feature (dimension) is consistent; Articulation specified for all consistent features even when redundant; Size of articulatory space do not directly depend on inventory size

20 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 20 Further challenges Refining articulatory measures –Measures of vocal tract shape => systematic relationship with the acoustics Language-dependent articulatory space – why ? –Need to take into account a larger consonantal subsystem ?

21 ISSP 2003An MRI-based cross-linguistic study of sibilants 21 Acknowledgement Thanks to: Chunyue Zhu Alexis Michaud Fredrik Bissmarck Work supported by the Telecommunications Advancement Organization of Japan


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