1. Bell Ringer QUESTION #135 QUESTION #136 QUESTION #137 QUESTION #138
Answer the following questions in the EOC Practice Packet in the back of your INB:
QUESTION #135
QUESTION #136
QUESTION #137
QUESTION #138
QUESTION #139

2. Question 135
A heat shield material designed to act as an insulating barrier is now used to protect high-rise buildings from fires. Source: NASA
This technology was originally developed primarily to— a. give rockets greater boost during takeoff b. protect the space shuttle on reentry c. provide astronauts with improved navigational equipment d. slow down space capsules as they landed in the ocean

3. Question 136
The launch of Sputnik I intensified Cold War tension and cause the— a. United States to increase spending on technology and weapons to compete with the Soviet Union b. Soviet Union to move missiles and warships to Cuba in order to threaten the United States c. United States to send troops and aid to East Berlin to free it from Soviet control d. Soviet Union to threaten Europe with nuclear attack if Soviet airspace were violated

4. Question 137
“Sputnik Launch Propels Soviets Ahead in Space Race.” In 1957, the United States government responded to the event described in this headline by— a. reducing military spending b. building a joint space station with the Soviet Union c. constructing President Ronald Regan’s “Star Wars” defense system d. providing funds to improve the educational system in the United States

5. Question 138
The main idea expressed in the cartoon involves the— a. relationship between consumer needs and military needs b. problems created by the development of nuclear weapons c. need for all people to be informed about world affairs d. problems associated with the shift from a wartime economy to a peacetime economy

6. Question 139
During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union were hesitant to become involved in direct military conflict mainly because— a. the threat of China to both nations b. pressure from nonaligned nations c. the potential for global nuclear destruction d. mutual dependence on Middle East petroleum

7. The Cold War at Home
Essential Question: How did the Cold War impact the lives of Americans at home?

8. TEKS and Objectives
We will…
I will…
(8B) describe how Cold War tensions were intensified by McCarthyism, the House Un-American Activities Committee, and the Venona Papers (17B) identify causes and effects of prosperity in the 1950s (27B) explain scientific discoveries and technological innovations
Participate in a sock hop activity and correctly identify important people, events, and ideas from the 1950s

9. President Dwight D. Eisenhower
Election of 1952
WWII made him an American hero and won him the election
Richard Nixon served as VP
Suffered a stroke while in office

10. Eisenhower’s Foreign Policy
John Foster Dulles
Eisenhower’s Secretary of State
Devoted anti-communist
Sought to contain the spread of communism
Brinkmanship
Dulles policy of pushing dangerous events to the brink of war
“Teasing” the other side

11. Eisenhower’s Foreign Policy
Eisenhower Doctrine
An extension of the Containment Policy
U.S troops would be sent to aid Middle Eastern nations fighting Communism

12. Communism in America Second Red Scare
Fear of communism in American after WWII
Similar to the Red Scare after WWI

13. Communism in America House Un-American Activities Committee
Known as HUAC
Investigated Americans with possible ties to communists
Targeted Hollywood and the government
Accused were fired from their jobs and “blacklisted”
Americans encouraged to spy and inform on each other

14. Communism in America The Rosenberg Trials (1950)
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg charged with spying for the Soviets
Found guilty and executed
Many thought they were innocent

15. Communism in America Venona Papers
Secret effort by U.S. to gather and decode messages sent by Soviet military intelligence
Made public in 1990s
Revealed that Soviets had spies in American government and industries, including Julius Rosenberg

16. McCarthyism Senator Joseph McCarthy McCarthy Hearings
Claimed that hundreds of communists infiltrated the U.S. government
McCarthy Hearings
“Witch Hunt” for communists that lasted for three years
McCarthy never provided any real proof for his claims

17. Eisenhower’s Domestic Policy
G.I. Bill
Provided financial support and benefits for WWII veterans
Money for college
Unemployment benefits
Low-cost mortgages and loans

18. Eisenhower’s Domestic Policy
Interstate Highway Act (1956)
Largest public works program in U.S. history
Called for the construction of 40,000 miles of interstate highways
i.e. I-35

19. Domestic Developments
Economic Prosperity
High demand for consumer goods (TV sets, cars, appliances)
GDP doubled between
U.S. dominated world trade

20. Domestic Developments
Baby Boom
American birthrate exploded after WWII
End of the war led to more couples getting married
GI Bill encouraged growth of families
Pop culture glorified pregnancy, parenthood, and large families

21. Domestic Developments
Housing Boom
Baby boom and G.I. Bill increased demand for housing
Home ownership increased by 50%

22. Domestic Developments
Suburbs
Places outside of the cities where many white collar workers live
Middle class families moved to suburbs in the 1950s because of the housing boom and the GI Bill
Levittowns
Low-cost, suburban housing developments in the U.S. and Puerto Rico

23. Domestic Developments
Suburban Life
Affordable housing
Good schools
Friendly, “like-minded” neighbors
Urban Life
Migration of middle class to the suburbs led to a decline in urban tax base
Inner cities decayed

24. American Culture Technological Breakthroughs Medical Advances
Commercial airlines
Televisions, refrigerators, etc.
Medical Advances
Antibiotics to fight off infections
New drugs to fight cancer, diabetes, and heart disease
Vaccines to prevent diseases

25. American Culture Jonas Salk Automobile
Developed a vaccine against polio
Helped virtually eradicated the crippling disease
Automobile
Allowed people to move to suburbs
Vacations, drive-in movies, fast food

26. American Culture Conformity People “too shy” to be different
Women encouraged to be obedient housewives
Unusual ideas regarded with suspicion

27. American Culture Rock-n-Roll
White artists made music based on African-American rhythm and blues (Elvis, Buddy Holly)
Teens rebelled against middle class, suburban values
Desire to be unique