1. Bell ringer
Peer mark Carbs WS

2. Lesson objectives
describe the molecular structure of a triglyceride with reference to the formation of ester bonds and relate the structure of triglycerides to their functions in living organisms
describe the structure of a phospholipid and relate the structure of phospholipids to their functions in living organisms

3. Lipids: Fats & Oils

4. Reasons our bodies need fat
Provides a concentrated source of energy
Surrounds and protects certain vital organs
Forms an insulating layer beneath the skin to keep in body heat
Forms part of the structure of cell membranes
Provides a source of fat soluble vitamins
Provides a reserve of energy for long term storage
Provides texture and flavour in foods
Foods containing fat provide a feeling of fullness as digestion is slow

5. Lipids fat Lipids are composed of C, H, O Diverse group
long hydrocarbon chain
Diverse group
fats
phospholipids
steroids
Do not form polymers
big molecules made of smaller subunits
not a continuing chain
fat
Made of same elements as carbohydrates but very different structure/ proportions & therefore very different biological properties

6. Characteristics of Lipids
Composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
Greater than 2:1 ratio of H:O
Includes fats, oils, phospholipids, and cholesterol
Building blocks are fatty acids and glycerol.
Energy storage molecules
Phospholipids part of cell membrane 6

8. Types of Lipids Lipids with fatty acids Waxes
Fats and oils (trigycerides)
Phospholipids
Sphingolipids
Lipids without fatty acids (similar properties, not structure)
Steroids

9. Dehydration synthesis
Condensation reaction
enzyme
Pulling the water out to free up the bond
enzyme
enzyme

10. Task
Use the cut and stick activity to make a triglyceride, glue it in your book
Use the model and the textbook to complete the worksheets on carbohydrates

11. Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids
Saturated : C–C bonds Unsaturated : one or more C=C bonds

12. Fatty Acid Structure Carboxyl group (COOH) forms the acid.
“R” group is a hydrocarbon chain. 12

13. Unsaturated
Fatty Acid
Saturated
Fatty Acid 13

14. Glycerol 14

15. Synthesis of a Lipid 15

16. Check your work

17. Triglyceride Formation - Modelling
Cut out the parts of the molecules and stick them in your books to show how a triglyceride is formed
Label glycerol
Label triglyceride
Label sterification and hydrolysis

18. Plenary

19. Self-assessment

20. Self-assessment