1. Heat and Temperature
Chapter 13

2. Temperature
Section 13.1

3. Temperature Measure the KE of the particles in an object
Moving fast- = a hot temperature
Moving slow- = a cool temperature
Increase the KE will increase the temp and vice versa

4. Temperature Thermometer- instrument that measures and indicates temp
Work using expansion
Mercury rises b/c it expands with increasing heat
Mercury falls b/c it contracts with decreasing temp

5. Temperature
Fahrenheit Scale- USA is 1 of the only country that uses this scale (water freezes at 32˚)
Celsius Scale- Most other countries use (water freezes at 0˚)
Kelvin Scale- used in science

6. Kelvin Scale Absolute Zero- is -273.16˚C or 0 Kelvin
Lowest possible temperature
No negative numbers in Kelvin scale
Converting from Celsius to Kelvin
Kelvin (T)= C˚ + 273

7. Temp and Energy Transfer
The energy transferred between objects that are of different temperatures is called Heat
Goes from a higher temp to a lower temp
EX Melting an ice cube in your hand
Temperature is an indicator of internal KE
Internal KE is transferred from a warmer object to a cooler object

8. Solve the Following 20ºC = ____________K -201ºC = _____________K
How many ºC is 501K?
How many Kelvin is 11ºC?
93.5ºC = _______________K
K = ______________ºC
27 K K = ______________ºC

9. Solve the Following 3ºC + 110 K = ______________K
151K - 160ºC = _____________K
27K + (-10ºC) + 5K = ____________K
A student puts a thermometer in boiling water. The temp is 99ºC. Convert this to kelvin.

10. Energy Transfer
Section 13.2

11. Transfer of Energy
Happens in 3 ways
Convection
Conduction
Radiation

12. Transfer of Energy Thermal Conduction
The transfer of energy as heat through a material by particle collisions

13. Transfer of Energy Convection
Movement of matter due to differences in density that are caused by temperature variations
Warm air is less dense so it rises up
Air cools and sinks
Convection current- vertical air movement b/c of temp diffs
Cool air sinks
Hot air rises

14. Transfer of Energy Radiation
Energy that is transferred as electromagnetic waves, such as visible light and infrared waves; does not involve the movement of matter
Does not require physical contact
A hot object radiates more heat than a cool object
Only method of energy transfer that can happen in space

17. Conductors and Insulators
Conductor- any material that energy can be easily transferred as heat
Examples: metal
Insulator- a poor conductor of heat
Examples: plastic, wood, rubber

18. Energy and Collisions
Gases are poor conductors b/c particles are far apart
Liquids conduct better than gases but not efficiently
Solids can be either conductors or insulators
Ex: cooking on a stove

19. Specific Heat
Specific heat is the quantity of heat required to raise a unit mass of homogenous material 1 K or 1˚C in a certain way at a constant pressure and volume

20. Specific Heat Physical property Measured in (J/kg·K)
In this book specific energy does not change

21. Equation energy=(specific heat) x (mass) x (temp change) Energy=cm∆T
Temp change is T1-T2