1. Student Notes Greece 3

2. Understanding Terms Aristocrats—wealthy citizens; nobles
The word aristocrat actually translates to best + rule (or power)
Greek Language
Aristos = the best
Kratos = rule; power

3. Understanding Terms Monarchy—rule by one person, usually a king
The word monarchy actually translates to one rule
Greek Language
Monos = one
Arkhien = to rule

4. Understanding Terms
Oligarchy—rule by only a few people, usually aristocrats
The word oligarchy actually translates to few + rule
Greek Language
Oligos = few
Arkhien = to rule

5. Understanding Terms
Tyranny (dictatorship)—rule by the strongest, often by someone who takes power
The word tyranny actually translates to cruel ruler
A person who takes power by force is often called a
tyrant

6. Understanding Terms
Democracy—rule where the citizens can vote for leaders and actions
The word democracy actually translates to people + rule (or power)
Greek Language
Demos = people
Kratos = rule; power

7. Understanding Terms
Idiōtēs—a private person; a person not concerned about others
Helots—enslaved people who worked on the farms in Sparta