1. Evidence for magnetic reconnection in the high corona
太陽雑誌会 - short talk : 成影 発表日時 ： 平成 16 年 4 月 19 日
Evidence for magnetic reconnection in the high corona
G. M. Simnett
A&A 2004, 416, 759 – 764

2. Abstract
The LASCO C2 shows 40 examples of oppositely-directed mass flows along the same radius vector.
The speed of the outflowing feature is higher than that of the inflowing feature.
Solar wind : 60 km/s
The height in the corona of the originating event is 3.1 ~ 4.2 R.
One plausible interpretation of the physical mechanism is magnetic reconnection.

3. Introduction
Near 1AU, the energy spectrum for 2–20 keV impulsive electron bursts continues. (Lin, 1985)
the electrons have passed through very little material since their acceleration.
Lin pointed out that these small impulsive electron events are the most common type of event occurring on the Sun.
Transient energy releases should be occurring in the high corona.

4. The Observation LASCO C2 bidirectional event
The primary selection criteria were that the radius vector of the mass motions be the same, within the angular width of the events, and that the event be visible as both an inflow and an outflow in several consecutive images.

5. The Observation
LASCO C /11/06

6. The Observation close to the threshold level of detectability.
the front has a curvature.

7. The Observation 40 events discovered.
the frequency is slightly less than 1/week. (by a careful search of all the data for four month)

8. The Observation
40 events discovered.
All events have the speed of the outflow greater than the speed of the inflow.
The events all have uniform speeds.

9. YES : 15, NO : 18, no data : 3, noise storm :4
The Observation
40 events discovered.
Is there any association between the bidirectional events and the impulsive electron events?
Is there a type III burst (observed with WIND)?
YES : 15, NO : 18, no data : 3, noise storm :4
plasma radiation should not propagate to the WIND spacecraft from behind the plane of the sky.
The LASCO events should come equally from behind and in front of the reference plane.
one might expect half the events with correlated radio emission to be Y.
 electron acceleration associated with all of the bidirectional events.

10. Discussion projected starting height : 3.3 ~ 3.8 R (half events)
40 events discovered.
projected starting height : 3.3 ~ 3.8 R (half events)
difference between the inflow and outflow speeds : 75 ~ 165 km/s (half events)
 The origin of the bidirectional events is interpreted as follows.
The events represent energy release from reconnecting magnetic fields?

11. Discussion
We suggest that the bidirectional events represent energy release from reconnecting magnetic fields, similar to the suggestion of Petschek (1964).
projected starting height : 3.3 ~ 3.8 R
the Petschek-type reconnection is aided by the presence of a high Alfven speed.
the local Alfven speed reaches a maximum in the corona at around 3.8 R. (Mann et al., 2003)
type III burst
If the reconnection is, then there will be shocks propagating both outwards and inwards.
We would expect such shocks to accelerate energetic particles.

12. Discussion Solar wind speed : ~ 60 km/s at 3.7 R
If the reconnection is occurring in an outward flowing fluid, namely the solar wind, then the solar wind speed at the reconnection site is half the observed speed difference.

13. Conclusion
The events are interpreted as explosive energy release in the outflowing solar wind at regions where there is magnetic reconnection.
If this interpretation is correct, then these events represent the first direct observation of magnetic reconnection in the corona.

14. Thank you very much for your attention.
END
Thank you very much for your attention.