1. CHP-110 Fundamentals of Physical Chemistry-I
Rayat Shikshan Sanstha's
S.M. JOSHI COLLEGE, HADAPSAR, PUNE- 28
CHP-110 Fundamentals of Physical Chemistry-I
A SEMINAR ON
ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS
Prof. J.C. Pradeep Kumar
(Assistant Professor)

2. ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS.

3. Electrical Properties
On the basis of their electrical properties, substances can be classified into
three categories:
Conductors
Semiconductor
2. Semiconductors
3. Insulators
Conductors:
Materials that allow electrical charges
to flow through therm are known
as electrical conductors.
Example: Silver and Copper, Graphite, etc.

4. 2. Semiconductors: 3. Insulators:
Materials whose conductivity is less than
of the conductors and greater than that of
insulators are known as semiconductors.
Examples: Silicon and Germanium
3. Insulators:
Materials that do not allow electrical charges
to flow through them are known as
non-conductors or electrical insulators.
Examples: Rubber, Plastics, etc.

5. Magnetic Properties: Diamagnetic:
On the basis of their magnetic properties, substances can be classified into
five categories:
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Ferromagnetic
Antiferromagnetic
Ferrimagnetic
Diamagnetic:
Diamagnetic substances are weakly repelled by a magnetic
field.Diamagnetism is shown by those substances in which
all the electrons are paired and there are no unpaired electrons.
pairing of electronscancels their magnetic moments and they
lose their magnetic character.
Examples: NaCl, H2O,etc.

6. Paramagnetic: Ferromagnetic:
Paramagnetic substances are weakly attracted
by a magnetic field. They are magnetised in a
magnetic field in the same direction. They lose
their magnetism in the absence of magenetic field
Paramagnetism is due to presence of one or more
unpaired electrons which are attracted by the magnetic field. 3+
Examples: O2,Fe
,etc.
Ferromagnetic:
Ferromagnetic substances are strongly attracted
by magnetic field and tend to move from high to
low magnetic field. They have domain structure.
They behave like tiny magnet.
Examples: Co, Ni, etc.

7. Antiferromagnetic: Ferrimagnetic:
Anti ferromagnetism have domain structure similar
to ferromagnetic substance, but their domains are oppositely
oriented and cancel out each other’s magnetic moment.
Examples: Manganese oxide (MnO)
Ferrimagnetic:
Ferrimagnetism is observed when the magnetic
moments of the domains in the substance are
aligned in parallel and anti-parallel direction
in unequal numbers.They are weakly attracted
by the magnetic field as compared to
ferromagnetic substances.
Examples: Magnetite (Fe3O4)

8. Thank You