1. 1-Clavicle عظم الترقوة هام SHOULDER GIRDLE: Is made of 1- clavicle
2- scapula
1-Clavicle
عظم الترقوة
It has two ends:
A-acromial (lateral)
B-sternal (medial)
هام
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2. هام 2- scapula It has : A-acromion process B-coracoid process
C-glenoid cavity
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3. 1
The bones of the upper limbs 2 3 4 5 6

4. Long bone ? 1-The bone of the arm THE HUMERUS BONE A IT HAS
A-Upper end
B-Lower end
C- shaft
Upper end
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It has the following parts:
a-head
b- anatomical neck
c- surgical neck
d-greater tubercle
e- lesser tubercle C B
Lower end
a- medial epicondyle
b- lateral epicondyle
c-capitulum
d- trochlea

5. B- The radius(LATERAL)
2-Bones of the forearm
A- The ulna (MEDIAL)
B- The radius(LATERAL)
اين توجد فى جسمك؟
A- The ulna (MEDIAL)
B- The radius(LATERAL)

6. 1- Olecranon 2- Trochlear notch 3-Coronoid process 4- Ulnar tuberosity
A- The ulna (MEDIAL)
Long bone ? A
A-Upper end
B-Lower end
C- shaft
Upper end
1- Olecranon
2- Trochlear notch
3-Coronoid process
4- Ulnar tuberosity C
LOWER end
1-Head of ulna B
Head of ulna

7. 1- Head 2- Neck 3- Radial tuberosity 1- Styloid Process Long bone ? A
B- The Radius(LATERAL)
Long bone ?
A-Upper end
B-Lower end
C- shaft A
Upper end
1- Head
2- Neck
3- Radial tuberosity C B
Lower End
1- Styloid Process
Styloid Process

8. A-Carpal bones The skeleton of the hand Arranged into two rows:
Proximal
Distal
Proximal row
From lateral to medial
when viewed from anteriorly
1-Scaphoid, the boat-shaped
2- Lunate, 'crescent shape'
3-Triquetrum, the three-sided
4- Pisiform, the pea-shaped
Distal row
From lateral to medial and when viewed from anteriorly, consists of:
5-Trapezium the irregular four-sided
6-Trapezoid
7- Capitate, which has a head
8-Hamate, which has a hook

9. METACARPAL BONES
PHALANGES

11. of the inferior ramus of the pubis
Hip bone is made of:
1-The ilium
2-The ischium
3-The pubis
Posterior view of the hip bone
Just for general
knowledge
They meet one another
by means of triradiate
cartilage at the
Acetabulum and
cartilaginous union
of the inferior ramus of the pubis
with the ramus
of the ischium.
Remember that
Near the age of 17 the
Triradiate cartilage will be replaced by bony union
X-ray?
cartilaginous union

12. Ischial spine Ischial tuberosity Lateral surface of the right hip bone1-
Iliac creast
Anterior superior iliac spine
posterior superior iliac spine
posterior inferior iliac spine
Anterior inferior iliac spine
Ischial spine 3- 2-
Ischial tuberosity

13. The hip bones articulate with the sacrum at the sacroiliac joints posteriorly while anteriorly they articulate with one another at the symphysis pubis.
sacroiliac joints
hip bone
sacrum
symphysis pubis
femur

14. Long bone ? Left femur (anterior view) head of femur
greater trochanter
Long bone ?
neck
Upper end
Lower end
And a shaft
Lesser trochanter
The upper end or proximal end
Shaft or body
The lower end or distal end
lateral epicondyle
Medial epicondyle
lateral condyle
Medial condyle

15. linea aspera Left femur (posterior view) greater trochanter
Lesser trochanter
linea aspera
medial condyle
lateral condyle

16. Patella
Triangular sesamoid bone
Contained within patellar ligament

17. Right Tibia shin tibia Lateral condyle Medial condyle Anterior view
Tuberosity
Of Tibia
Medial surface
Upper end
Lateral surface
Anterior border
shin tibia
Lower end
Medial malleolus

18. Head
Neck
Right fibula- anterior view
Lateral malleolus

19. Navicular bone Cuboid bone Talus bone Calcaneus Distal phalanx
First metatarsal
bone
Middle phalanx
Proximal phalanx
Fifth metatarsal
bone
Medial cuneiform bone
Intermediate cuneiform bone
Lateral cuneiform bone
Navicular bone
Cuboid bone
Talus bone
Calcaneus
Bones of the right foot

20. لا تخترق العظام فتترك على الصورة شكلها المعروف لديك(X-RAY لاحظ ان الاشعة السينية(
Not an exam material

21. Not an exam material

22. Not an exam material

23. Not an exam material

24. Arches of the Foot body weight 100%
The bones of the foot are arranged in two arches that are held in position
by ligaments and tendons
The arches provide an ideal distribution of body weight over the soft and hard tissues of the foot
50%
On the right side
50%
On the left side
Normally, the ball of the foot
carries about 40% of the weight and the heel carries about 60%.
Usually, the arches are fully developed by age 12 or 13.
20%
30%
The ball of the foot
The heel

25. A- longitudinal arch
1-The medial Longitudinal arch
2-The lateral longitudinal arch
B-The transverse arch 1 2 3
1-The medial Longitudinal arch
Made of:
a-Calcaneus
b-Talus
c-Navicular,
d-The three cuneiforms,
e- The heads of the three medial metatarsals.

26. 2-The lateral longitudinal arch
a-Calcaneus
b- Cuboid
c-The heads of the two lateral metatarsals
B-The transverse arch
is formed by:
1-The navicular
2-Three cuneiforms
3-The bases of the five metatarsals.

27. Flat foot
Is a condition in which the medial longitudinal arch is depressed or collapsed.
As a result,
The the talus is no longer supported and the body weight forces it downward and medially between the calcaneum and the navicular bone
Fallen arches may lead to inflammation of the
fascia of the sole stress fractures …
The causes of flat foot are both congenital and acquired
When a person wears high-heeled shoes, however, the distribution
of weight changes so that the ball of the foot may carry up to 80%
and the heel 20%. As a result, the fat pads at the ball of the foot are damaged,
joint pain develops, and structural changes in bones may occur.
Just for reading