1. Serbia Greece Belgium Poland Who Ideology Cause Event(s) Effect
: Karageorge
1815: Milos Obrenovic
John Capodistria
King Leopold (Belgium)
William II leads ten day campaign
Nicholas I and Tsar Alexander I (Russia)
General Chlopicka
Students, army officers, landowners
Ideology
Nationalism
nationalism
Nationalism/liberalism
Nationalism and demand for own country
Cause
Ottoman oppression/rule
-1815: Congress of Vienna united Austrian Netherlands with Kingdom of Holland under Dutch king: different languages, religions, economies
-1830 French revolution influence
Late 1700s: Partition of Poland
Event(s)
: Guerrilla war against Ottoman
1815: Russian help
: Serbian identity
-1821: civil war
National holy war to conquer rights of individual liberty
-Britain, French, and Russian support (
1830: Belgians fight Dutch in Brussels
-Britain and France support Belgians
Against Russians
Effect
Autonomy (self rule) within Ottomon empire, later independence
1830: independent, but accept German king (Europe did not accept nationalism)
1830: independent state with liberal constitution
Crushed by Russians, failed to win independence

2. France (1830) France (1848) Austria Italy German States Who Ideology
Louis XVIII
Charles X
Louis Phillippe
Napoleon III
radicals
Working class
Louis Kossuth (Hungarian)
University students
Prussia: King Frederick William IV
Ideology
Liberalism
nationalism
Nationalism/liberalism
Cause
Charles X suspends legislature, limits suffrage, restrict press
Denounce Louis: corruption, want to extend suffrage, private ownership of property
Recession
Metternich censors press
End Hapsburg domination/want constitutional gov’t
Demand national unity and reforms
Economic hardships
Potato famine
Event(s)
Paris: citizens create barricades across streets
Charles abdicates
February Days: barricades in Paris due to gov’t trying to silence critics. Louis Philippe abdicates and proclaim 2nd Republic
June Days: Working class go to fight against bourgeois liberals due to shutting down national workshops, 1500 deaths
Austria: workers and students rebel
Budapest: independent gov’t, written constitution, end to serfdom
Prague:
Setup independent republics
Expel the pope from Rome
Create nationalist gov’t
1848: Frederick William Iv as king of united Germany—refused
King forced to sign constitution
Effect
Constitutional monarchy: Louis Philippe
Upper bourgeoisie prospers
June Days: middle class fear socialists, working class hate bourgeoisie
National assembly creates new constitution, universal suffrage
Napoleon III claims emperor
Metternich flees
Temporary gains: Austrian troops regain Vienna/Prague/Budapest
Austria destroys new gov’t
France restores papacy
Naples: local rulers cancel reforms
King dissolves constitution
1850: uprisings fail due to king’s military force, lack of support