1. Client/Server And Peer-to-Peer
Networks
Client/Server
And
Peer-to-Peer

2. Client/Server Networks
In a client/server network, the server computers manage the resources on a network and perform a variety of functions for the client computers.
Mainly used
in businesses.

3. Client Computers Usually personal computers or workstations.
They are linked to the server computer.

4. Server Computers
Server computers can be as small as a personal computer or it can be as large as a supercomputer.
The central computer(s) in a client/server network.

5. Advantages and Disadvantages of Client/Server Networking
Advantages include
Centralization - Resources and data security are controlled through the server.
Scalability - Any or all elements can be replaced individually as needs increase.
Flexibility - New technology can be easily integrated into system.
Interoperability - All components (client/network/server) work together.
Accessibility - Server can be accessed remotely and across multiple platforms.
Disadvantages include
Expense - Requires initial investment in dedicated server.
Maintenance - Large networks will require a staff to ensure efficient operation.
Dependence - When server goes down, operations will cease across the network.

6. Peer-to-Peer Networks
In peer-to-peer networks, all computers are equal. Any computer can be a client to another computer or any computer can share files with any other computer.
There is no file server or centralized computer.

7. Advantages and Disadvantages of Peer-to-Peer Networking
Less initial expense - No need for a dedicated server.
Setup - An operating system (such as Windows XP) already in place may only need to be reconfigured for peer-to-peer operations.
Disadvantages
Decentralized - No central repository for files and applications.
Security - Does not provide the security available on a client/server network.

8. Where are they used?
Peer-to-peer networks are used mainly for small numbers of personal computers. Examples include AppleShare and Windows for Workgroups
Client/server networks are used for mainly for business because they can link hundreds of clients. Examples include Novell Netware and Windows 2000 Server.

9. Main Differences The main differences include Size of the Network
Security
Setup of file sharing
Expenses
Maintenance

10. Resources
Computers Information Technology in Perspective by Long and Long
Florida Center for Instructional Technology College of Education