1. Medieval Europe
Changes in Society

3. Germanic kingdoms emerge
NO SENTRAL RULE
LOYALTY TO LOCAL LEADERS BOUND PEOPLE TOGETHER
KINGDOMS CONTINUES TO FIGHT WITH EACH OTHER FORLAND AND POWER
CHURCH OFFERED SOME SENSE OF ORDER
FRANKS ESTABLISHED LARGE KINGDOMS (TERRITORY RULED BY ONE KING) IN GAUL (FRANCE)

4. Check point questions
1. What new kind of government emerged in the world?
2. Where were most of them located?

5. Answers
1. KINGDOMS
2. EUROPE OR GAUL

6. CHARLES MARTEL
719 Charles Martel became one of the major rulers in Gaul
He colonized many territories
In 732 he stopped expansion of the Islamic Empire by winning the battle of Tours
He became a Christian hero.
His son Pepin became a king and established Carolingian Dynasty
His son Charlemagne became king of the whole Frankish kingdom in 771

7. CHECKPOINT QUESTIONS
1. WHO STOPPED THE EXPANSION OF THE ISLAMIC EMPIRE?
2. WHO BECAME THE KING OF THE WHOLE FRANKISH KINGDOM IN 771?

8. ANSWERS
1.CHARLES MARTEL
2. CHARLEMAGNE

9. Charlemagne becomes emperor
CHARLEMAGNE CONQUERED MOST OF MODERN DAY ITALY, FRANCE, GERMANY AND PART OF SPAIN.
LARGEST SINCE THE TIME OF ROME
POPE CROWNED HIM EMPEROR
THIS MARKED UNIFICATION OF CHURCH AND STATE (GERMANIC STATE)
CHARLEMAGNE UNIFIED PEOPLE OFFERED THEM SYSTEM OF LAWS AND REVIVED EDUCATION
ONCE HE DIED EMPIRE COLLAPSED

10. Checkpoint question
WHAT WAS IMPORTANT ABOUT CHARLEMAGNE’S BEING CROWNED AS EMPEROR?

11. MARKED UNIFICATION OF POWERS OF CHURCH AND STATE
ANSWER
MARKED UNIFICATION OF POWERS OF CHURCH AND STATE

12. CHANGES IN SOCIETY TOWNS AND CITIES GROW
MERCHANTS ESTABLISH ORGANIZATIONS CALLED GUILDS (GET BEST PRICES FOR WHAT THEY MAKE)
BANKING DEVELOPS
TRADE INCRESES DRAMATICALLY COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION

13. Magna Carta
1200s - England’s government made first step towards democracy when nobles forced king John to sign an agreement that protected the rights of nobility and limited what the king could do. The paper was called – Magna Carta (big paper)
First representative meeting in Europe was created and was called a parliament.

14. Checkpoint question
WHY WAS MAGNA CARTA AND FIRST PARLIAMENT IMPORTANT?

15. ANSWER
FIRST STEPS IN DEMOCRACY IN EUROPE

16. THE HUNDRED YEARS’ WAR WHO: FRANCE AND ENGLAND
WHAT: FOUGHT EACH OTHER FOR CONTROL OF FRANCE
WHEN: CLOSE TO “100” HUNDRED’S YEAR WAR
NEW TECHNOLOGY USED: ARCHER WITH LONGBOW (COULD HIT EVEN WITH ARMOR ON), CROSSBOW AND CANNON
OUTCOMES: By 1453, the French drove all the English from France except the seaport of Calais and the war ended.
PEOPLE SUFFERED, YET BOTH NATIONS EXPERIENCED UNIFICATION AND NATIONAL PRIDE
KING EMERGES NOT ONLY AS A LORD BUT ALSO AS A NATION’S LEADER

17. Technology

18. CHECKPOINT QUESTION:
WHY WAS THE100 YEARS’ WAR FOUGHT?

19. ANSWER
FOR CONTROL OF FRANCE

20. JOAN OF ARC FRENCH FEMALE HERO OF 100-YEARS WAR
TEENAGE PEASANT GIRL DRESSED AS A MAN WAS ONE OF THE MILITARY LEADERS UNDER KING CHARLES VII
LED THE ARMY TO A VICTORY
LATER BETRAYED AND TURNED IN THE HANDS OF THE CHURCH
PRIESTS BURNED HER AS A WITCH

21. CHECKPOINT QUESTION:
WHO WAS JOAN OF ARC

22. FRENCH FEMALE HERO OF 100-YEARS WAR
ANSWER
FRENCH FEMALE HERO OF 100-YEARS WAR