1. Political Control
By: ally and yesun

2. The anti-movements Three anti-movement, 1951 Five anti-movement, 1952
Waste, corruption, inefficiency
Party members & bureaucrats
Five anti-movement, 1952
Industrial sabotage, tax evasion, bribery, fraud, theft of government property
Businessmen: prison sentences, crippling fines, driven to suicide
Destroy ‘the bureaucratic capitalist class’
↓criminal gang control & corruption of nationalist China
Through which the process of consolidating control was completed
Reduction in—
Criminal gang control in cities like Shanghai
Endemic corruption of nationalist China
1952, justified tough line in a public statement—
“Our present task is to strengthen the people’s state apparatus- meaning principally the people’s army, the people’s police and the people’s courts – thereby safeguarding national defence and protecting the people's interests. We definitely have no benevolent policies towards the reactionaries or the counter-revolutionary activities of the reactionary classes. Our benevolent policy does not apply to such deeds or such persons, who are outside the ranks of the people; it applies only to the people.”

3. Enforcing Conformity CCP turned China into a nation of “informers”
People spied on each other
Streets had “watchers”
Community associations did the opposite of their job
“Labelling” became way of enforcing conformity  maintained by exploiting fear
System where everyone spied on each other
 neighbours, workers and children spying on families and their friends/colleagues
Watchers from the CCP on streets which kept CCP informed
Community associations were supposed to provide mutual help: became major means of exerting violence
Biggest fear of Chinese was being publicly exposed as political or social deviant OR labelled as a class enemy (ex. Bourgeois element/imperialist lackeys)

4. Terror tactics Terror: basic method of control
1949: ↑10 separate political parties
1952: —
Series of mass campaigns: ↑authority over people
Attack against ‘counter-revolutionaries & imperialists’
Condemn who showed signs of disapproval
All the political parties were destroyed in a set of repressive moves which denied the right of any party to exist other than the CCP

5. The Attack on China’s Middle Class
Mao’s aim = destruction of a whole Class “China’s Bourgeoisie”
Mao’s saw that there was a necessity of violence
1955: Addressing Party Leaders
“On this matter we are quite heartless. On this matter, Marxism is indeed cruel and has little mercy, for it is determined to exterminate...Some of our comrades are too kind, they are not tough enough...Our aim is to exterminate capitalism, obliterate it from the face of the earth and make it a thing of the past.”
Mao wanted to destroy the class b/c found it an essential step in creation of China as a fully Marxist state  only 1 class would exist = PROLETARIAT
Believed that without violence..no class would step down. Thought that power must be dragged down by force
QUOTE: saw that their MAIN goal was to exterminate capitalism and replace it with a strong communist rule. No one should feel bad for the class being taken away and that this class will be taken away with cruelty and mercilessly.

6. Mass killings Early 1950s in Shanghai & Guangzhou (Canton)
Underworld gangs and triads
Violent bloodletting
Guangzhou: 130,000 bandits&criminals  ↑⅟₂ executed
Shanghai: 28,000
Cities which had been notorious for their underworld gangs and triads in the years of Nationalist rule

7. Registration as a political weapon
Mao created system which required people to register themselves
3 types of registration:
Danwei: for a job
Hukou: to obtain accomodation
Dangan: file held by party members about personal details of a person
Danwei: person could not have a job if they did not have this permit
Hukou: certificate which allowed family to accomodation
Dangan: all records and personal details of a person that were in the hands of local party officials
Hundreds and millions of records were kept by many party clerks.  was used as a way to cause fear, if family or person did something wrong would not get several permits + party members knew everything about them
Dangans was worst  chief means by which authorities maintained political and social control over Chinese people
Persons right, employment, housing, pension, etc  depended on dossier