1. Moon Phases and Tides

2. When you look up in our night sky, you will see the moon
When you look up in our night sky, you will see the moon! The way that the moon looks changes during the month. We say that the phases of the moon are a cycle in nature.

3. The Earth has 1 moon that revolves around the Earth
The Earth has 1 moon that revolves around the Earth. It is a satellite of Earth.

4. It takes 29 ½ days – almost 1 month – for the moon to move (revolve) around the Earth.

5. The moon reflects light from the sun.
The moon does not make any light of its own. The lighted parts that we see are called phases.
The moon reflects light from the sun.

6. As the moon moves (revolves) around the Earth, it looks like it has different shapes. The shape of the moon does not really change. It just changes its location in space.

7. Let’s take a closer look at the phases of the moon.
During a new moon, the moon looks dark.

8. This is a waxing crescent.
As the surface of the moon that we see gets bigger, we say that the moon is waxing.
This is a waxing crescent.

9. This is a waxing quarter moon.
When the moon is ¼ of the way around the earth, it is in its first quarter phase. We see it as half lit.
This is a waxing quarter moon.
First Quarter

10. After the quarter moon, the moon is moving towards a full moon
After the quarter moon, the moon is moving towards a full moon. We call this a waxing gibbous moon.
Notice that the bright part of the moon is getting larger. That’s what we mean by “waxing.”

11. Now it’s time for a full moon
Now it’s time for a full moon. The entire face of the moon that we are able to see shines during the full moon.

12. This is a waning gibbous moon.
Following the full moon, the surface of the moon seems to be getting smaller. We call this a waning moon.
This is a waning gibbous moon.

13. Now that the moon is ¾ of the way around the Earth, it seems to be half lit. We call this a waning quarter moon.
Last/4th Quarter

14. Before we get to the new moon, we see a sliver of moon shining up in the sky. This is a waning crescent.

15. Now we see a new moon again.
It takes the moon about 1 month (29 ½ days) to go through the phases

16. Gravity pulls on the oceans and causes the tides.
The moon affects the oceans.
The moon’s pull is called gravity.
Gravity pulls on the oceans and causes the tides.

17. The location of the tides changes as the Earth rotates (spins).

18. Now you know about the moon and its phases.
**Do you remember when a moon is waxing and when it is waning?
**Do you know what causes the tides?

19. Can you name each phase when they are in order?

20. Shoot for the moon. Even if you miss, you'll land among the stars.
ECLIPSES
A solar eclipse is when an object in space casts a shadow from the sun on another object in space.
A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth blocks the sunlight from reaching the moon.
Question: Why do lunar eclipses occur only during full moons?
Answer: That is the only time that the earth comes between the moon and sun.
Question: Why don’t we have a lunar eclipse every full moon?
Answer: The tilt of the moon’s orbit is 5° different than the earth
Question: Why does the full moon appear to be red during certain times of the year?
Answer: The light from the sun gets bent as it passes through our atmosphere causing it to appear red.

21. SOLAR ECLIPSES
Occurs when the moon passes between the Earth and sun, blocking the sunlight from reaching Earth.