1. Case Study 3: A 23-year-old female comes in for an emergency appointment. She complains of a strong, persistent desire to urinate, a burning sensation during urination, lower back pain and, a low-grade fever. Microscopic analysis of her urine reveals leukocytes and some crystals

2. How did the urinalysis results lead you to your diagnosis
How did the urinalysis results lead you to your diagnosis? What is the relationship between what you see in the urine and the disease or disorder?
Our testing revealed a presence of leukocytes this helped determine a UTI. Her urine appeared to be cloudy and there was also a trace of protein. The bacteria that is found in the bladder during a urinary tract infection make an enzyme that changes urinary nitrates to show a urinary tract infection is present.

3. What are the symptoms of the disease or disorder?
Symptoms of a UTI frequent urge to urinate, accompanied by pain or burning on urination. The urine often appears cloudy and occasionally reddish if blood is present. The urine may develop an unpleasant odor.

4. How does this disorder relate directly or indirectly to other human body systems?
This disorder relates directly to the cardiovascular system in that blood is present in the urine. This is caused because while the blood is being cleansed some is released into the kidneys. Also, if the infection is in the kidneys, then filtration of the blood could be faulty and harm the circulatory system.

5. What further tests should be done to confirm your diagnosis?
Create images of the urinary tract using ultra sound or an intravenous urinary pyelogram. This releases a die into your body to highlight you bladder and urethra in an x-ray. You can also use a cytoscope to see inside your urethra.

6. What are possible treatments for your patient?
Drink plenty of fluids . Drink up to several gallons of water in the first 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. As you go on switch to cranberry juice to make your urine more acidic, to help kill bacteria. Use colloidal silver as directed. Take an acidophilus with every meal. Eat parsley, celery, and watermelon, they act as a natural diuretics. An antibiotic for around 3-14 days may be prescribed.

7. What other diagnoses where discussed?
Yeast Infection could also be possible, and it causes theses same problems.