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Ions An atom with a positive or negative charge
An atom with a different number of electrons then protons Gaining or losing electrons in order to increase stability (octet rule) Octet rule- atoms can’t have more than eight valence electrons (most stable with 8 valence electrons)
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Anion An atom gaining electrons and gaining a negative charge. Ex Cl-
Gains one electron and negative one charge B3- Gains three electrons and a negative three charge
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Cation An atom losing electrons and losing a negative charge to become positive. Ex Mg2+ Loses two electrons and negative charge to become a positive two charge Al3+ Loses three electrons and negative charge to become a positive three charge
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Predicting ion Use octet rule
If less than 4 valence electrons losing electrons and negative charge to become positive If more than 4 valence electrons gaining electrons and negative charge
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Predicting Ions What Ion will Sodium form?
How many valence electrons does the element have? 1 valence electron Is it going to lose or gain electrons? Lose electrons How many electrons does it lose or gain? Lose 1 electron What ion is formed? Na1+
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Predicting Ions What Ion will Oxygen form?
How many valence electrons does the element have? 6 valence electron Is it going to lose or gain electrons? Gain electrons How many electrons does it lose or gain? Gain 2 electron What ion is formed? O2-
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