1. Energy and Atoms interacting
Phase Change Kinetics
Energy and Atoms interacting

2. What is Temperature?
Temperature is the average amount of kinetic energy in an atom.
In plain English – temperature is how much an atom moves.
As the energy increases, the atoms move more causing the temperature to increase.
As the energy decreases, the atoms move less causing the temperature to decrease.

3. Effect of Energy on Atoms in the Same State
When all the atoms in a sample are in the same state, adding energy increases the temperature.
When all the atoms in a sample are in the same state, removing energy decreases the temperature.

4. Graph of Same State Energy
Temperature
Energy

5. Effects of Energy During a Phase Change
During a phase change, the temperature remains the same as the atoms move further apart or closer together.
The distance between the atoms changes.
The average movement remains the same.

6. Graph of Phase Change
Temperature
Energy