1. TRENCH WARFARE WWI

2. Trench Warfare

3. Trench Warfare

5. Trench Warfare - Construction
Estimated over 25,000 miles
Trenches dug to a height higher than men, about 8-12’
Walls reinforced with wood beams and sandbags-revetments
Floor of trench typically covered with wooden slats-duckboards

6. Trench Warfare - Construction
Shorter ledge built into front of trench to allow shooters to fire rifles/machine guns-firestep
“No Man’s Land” – the land between opposing trenches, usually yards, some areas as little as 16 yards or as much as 2 miles, fortified with barbed wire

7. No Man’s Land

8. Trench Warfare - Construction
German trenches were in stark contrast to British trenches. German trenches were built to last and included bunk beds, furniture, cupboards, water tanks with faucets, electric lights, and doorbells

9. German Trench

10. Trench Warfare - Life Often wet, rains would flood trench waist deep
Trenches were muddy, unsanitary
Latrines built into trenches
Flies, maggots, rats, fleas rampant
1914 coldest winter on record to date, frostbite

11. Trench Rats

12. Trench Warfare - Life
Trench Foot-due to cold wet conditions, cells in feet die resulting in gangrene, amputation
Trench Mouth-infection of throat and mouth, gums bleed
Dysentery-intestine disease, unsanitary conditions, fatal
Typhus-infectious disease from rats and fleas, fatal

13. Trench Foot