1. RESOURCES FROM THE OCEAN

2. Resources from the Ocean
Are divided into 2 categories
Living
Nonliving
We can harvest minerals, food, and energy from the ocean

3. Living Resources Seaweed: species of alga (kelp) Rich in protein
Fast growing
Used in jellies, ice cream, sushi

4. Living Resources Fishing: 75 million tons of fish harvested
Drift nets: catch large numbers of fish but also catch other animals (dolphins and turtles) (BYCATCH)
Overfishing: taking more fish than can be naturally replaced

5. Living Resources Farming: raising ocean food in farms (AQUACULTURE)
Nets protect fish from predators
Help supplement our fish supply
Others: shrimp, oysters, crabs, mussels

6. Nonliving Resources Oil and natural gas Desalination
Sea-floor minerals
Tidal energy
Wave energy

7. Oil and Natural Gas
Are nonrenewable resources (see vocab) they are used up faster than they can be replenished naturally
Locate using seismic equipment
Drill through many layers of rock to get to oil

8. Desalination process of removing salt from sea water
Used in hot, dry climates where there is little rainfall to make drinking water
Middle East, Saudi Arabia
Not as simple as it sounds
Very expensive

9. Sea-Floor Minerals Found in nodules on ocean floor
Nodules form when dissolved substances stick to pebbles
Contain manganese, iron, copper, nickel, cobalt, phosphates
Located in deeper parts of ocean
Mining is difficult and costly

10. Tidal Energy (See vocab) Energy generated by the movement of tides
Uses the natural movement of tides
Is a renewable resource (see vocab) resource that can be replaced in time after being used
Clean and inexpensive
Is practical in only a few places
Coastline with shallow, narrow channels

11. Tidal Energy
Figure pg. 102 in textbook

12. Wave Energy Clean, renewable resource Different from tidal energy
Uses constant motion of waves
Can only be used in areas where waves are strong
In North Sea, waves strong enough to make power for parts of Scotland and England
Diagrams from:

13. OCEAN NUTRIENTS AND MINERALS

14. PRODUCTION OF NUTRIENTS
Production is greatest in the surface layers because of photosynthesis.
Microscopic algae (plankton) serve as the base of the ocean food web and provides most of the world’s oxygen

15. CURRENTS AND UPWELLING
Currents and recycling processes make nutrients, minerals, and gases available to marine life.
UPWELLING-A CURRENT IN WHICH COLD NUTRIENT-RICH WATER RISES TO THE SURFACE FROM THE OCEAN DEPTHS