1. Principles of Government
Chapter 1.1
Principles of Government

2. Who said
“He who has the power to take part in the deliberative or judicial administration of any state is said by us to be a citizen of that state.” Aristotle Greeks were the first serious students of government.

3. Nation and country are used interchangeably with state
What is a State?
Then
Now in modern world
In Greece it was a territory of a town and its surrounding area where face-to-face communication was possible
Romans had a republic—the government was representative of certain groups but not a democracy
Our 13 colonies were each a sovereign state until they joined together as a nation
Identifies a political community in a precise territory
It has sovereignty—government makes and enforces the rules
193 sovereign states are recognized by the United Nations
Nation and country are used interchangeably with state

4. 4 Essential Features of a State
1. Population
2. Territory
States where people share a consensus about basic beliefs and values—tend to have the most stable government—US most believe in democracy
Urban vs rural—different policies
Population shifts—many have moved to SW changing representation in Congress
Established boundaries
May change due to war, negotiations, or purchase
US expanded all the way to the Pacific Ocean from the 13 original colonies on the Atlantic Ocean due to war, negotiations and purchase

5. 3. Sovereignty 4. Government
The state has supreme and absolute authority within its boundaries to:
Make laws
Determine foreign policy
Determine course of action
All states are sovereign and are supposed to be equal
In reality those with more economic strength and military capabilities have more power
Institution through which a state maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces decisions that are binding on all citizens

6. Origins of the State Evolutionary Theory Social Contract Theory
State evolved from family
ex: Abraham, from old testament
Social Contract Theory
People surrender power to maintain order
Thomas Hobbes—said in a state of nature life would be nasty, brutish, & short
John Locke—said in his Two Treatises of Gov’t; in a state of nature people had certain natural rights; life, liberty, & property—if not they could rebel
Force Theory
Government was created when people were ruled under one person or group
Needed to survive attacks from others
Divine Right
Gods chose the rulers
European monarchs in the 16 & 1700’s, Aztec, Egyptians, Chinese

7. Give examples and ways the government accomplishes each task
Create a 4 door book
Summarizing the 4 purposes of government
Maintaining Social Order
Providing Public Services
Providing National Security
Making Economic Decisions
Give examples and ways the government accomplishes each task