1. Truman and the Cold War, 1945-1952
Period 8 ( )
Ch.26
AP U.S. History

2. Baby Boom ( )

3. American Suburbia Causes Details Effects Postwar economic expansion
G.I. Bill
Great Migration
Interstate highways
Rise of the Sunbelt
Details
Single-family homes
Subdivisions and zoning
Shopping malls
Effects
“White flight”

4. Harry Truman (D) (1945-1953) Fair Deal Labor Relations
"Every segment of our population, and every individual, has a right to expect from his government a fair deal.“ – State of the Union (1949)
Labor Relations
Taft-Hartley Act (1947)
Prohibited closed shops, political contributions, sympathy strikes
Permitted “right to work” states

5. Election of 1948 Harry S Truman (D) Strom Thurmond Thomas Dewey (R)
States’ Rights Party (Dixiecrats)
Thomas Dewey (R)

6. Truman’s Fair Deal
A continuation of New Deal-style social welfare programs
21-Point Domestic Program
Expansion of Social Security
Increased minimum wage
Housing Act of 1949
Urban projects and public housing
Prevention by Conservative Coalition
National healthcare insurance
Limited civil rights legislation

7. Legacy of World War II on American Foreign Policy
New World Order
U.S. virtually unscathed from war destruction
Imperialist powers and Axis belligerents weakened
Decolonization
Superpowers
United States and Soviet Union
State of Israel
Involvement in Middle East affairs
National and International Defense
United Nations, Security Council, Central Intelligence Agency

8. Decolonization

9. Understanding the Cold War
Superpower nations after WWII
Soviet Union = communism, police state
United States = capitalism, democracy
Cold War meant a “war of words” rather than outright conflict
However, the Cold War includes episodes of “hot” conflicts in various regions around the world.

10. Iron Curtain German Occupation Zones Eastern Europe
Democratic Republic of Germany (East Germany)
Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany)
Eastern Europe
Soviet Union did not withdraw its troops from occupied Eastern Europe
Virtually forced communist regimes on Eastern European

12. Harry S Truman (D) (1945-1953) Containment
Truman Doctrine
Provide economic and military support for nations threatened by communism
Greece and Turkey
National Security Act (1947)
Department of Defense
National Security Council (NSC)
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

13. Nuclear Arms Race Nuclear weapon development Soviet Union
United States develops weapons with higher yields
Soviet Union
Detonated first nuclear weapon (August 1949)
United Kingdom
Detonated first nuclear weapon (October 1952)
France
Detonated first nuclear weapon (February 1960)
China
Detonated first nuclear weapon (October 1964)

16. Truman & Containment (1945-1953) Marshall Plan
European Recovery Program
$13 billion in grants
Rebuild and develop European infrastructure
Designed to prevent communist uprisings or infiltration in vulnerable nations

17. Truman & Containment (1945-1953) Cold War Alliances
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Permanent alliance between U.S., Canada, and Western Europe
If one member is attacked, all treaty nations will defend
Warsaw Pact
Soviet Union’s version of NATO
Eastern European satellite nations

18. Occupation of Japan Reform Economic Recovery Peace and Alliance
Emperor as ceremonial role
Democratization
Demilitarization
Economic Recovery
Avoid communist incursion
Peace and Alliance
General Douglas MacArthur and Emperor Hirohito

19. Truman & Containment (1945-1953) Korean Conflict (1950-1953)
North Korean Invasion (1950)
Advised by Soviet Union and China
Truman and United Nations Intervention
General Douglas MacArthur launched successful counterattack
Repulsed to 38th parallel by Chinese support troops
Armistice (1953)
38th parallel: Communist North and Democratic South
Truman win/lose
Containment worked
“soft on Communism”

20. Second Red Scare (1947-1957) Government Policies
Loyalty Review Board
McCarran Internal Security Act (1950)—illegal to support totalitarian gov’ts; authorized detention camps for subversives
House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)
Investigate Americans for pro-communist beliefs and blacklisting
Senator Joseph McCarthy (R)
McCarthyism
Espionage
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

22. Second Red Scare (1947-1957) Cold War Fears McCarthyism Duck and Cover
Demographics:
Republican
Conservative Protestants and Catholics
Blue-collar workers
Tactics
Media and Television