1. ENGLISH WRITING

2. LANGUAGE SKILLS LISTENING RECEPTIVE READING SKILL WRITING PRODUCTIVE
SPEAKING SKILL

3. WHAT DO WE NEED ?

4. VOCABULARY PHRASE SENTENCE
WHAT DO WE NEED ?
VOCABULARY PHRASE SENTENCE

5. PHRASE = A GROUP OF WORDS WITHOUT SUBJECT AND VERB
EXAMPLES:
THE GRANT PROPOSAL ,
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL,
MY DOCTORAL DISSERTATION,
OVERSEAS UNIVERSITIES

6. SENTENCE = A GROUP OF WORDS WITH SUBJECT AND VERB
EXAMPLES :
I MADE THE GRANT PROPOSAL,
THE INT’L JOURNAL IS A COMPULSORY,
SHE IS IN HER THIRD SEMESTER.

7. SENTENCE SIMPLE COMPOUND COMPLEX

8. WHAT DO WE NEED ?
GRAMMAR KNOWLEDGE WORDS SENTENCE MEANING

9. EXAMPLE : GRAMMAR KNOWLEDGE
INDONESIAN
ENGLISH
A: MAU KE MANA? B: SAYA MAU POTONG RAMBUT.
A: WHERE ARE YOU GOING? B: I WANT TO CUT MY HAIR. B: I WANT TO HAVE MY HAIR CUT.

10. INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION = A MAP TO GUIDE READERS TO OUR WRITING.
TO WIN READERS’ ATTENTION

11. PARAGRAPH 1 : GENERAL CONTEXT AND IMPORTANCE THE PROBLEM AREA YOU ARE INVOLVED IN & WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?

12. PARAGRAPH 2 : SPECIFIC CONTEXT WHAT IS THE SPECIFIC PROBLEM
PARAGRAPH 2 : SPECIFIC CONTEXT WHAT IS THE SPECIFIC PROBLEM? (NARROW DOWN THE TOPIC AREA OF THE PAPER)

13. PARAGRAPH 3: KEY PARAGRAPH WHAT ARE THE MAIN CONTRIBUTIONS OF YOUR PAPER.? WHAT ARE THE GENERAL APPROACH TAKEN? WHY ARE THE SPECIFIC RESULT SIGNIFICANT.

14. PARAGRAPH 4: DIFFERENTIATION DIFFERENCES IN WHAT YOU ARE DOING AND WHAT OTHERS HAVE DONE. (WHAT IS NEW ABOUT THIS WORK COMPARED TO THE OTHER WORK IN THE AREA.

15. PARAGRAPH 5: PROVIDE THE READER A ROADMAP FOR THE REST OF THE PAPER THE REMAINDER OF THIS PAPER IS STRUCTURED AS FOLLOWS......

16. WHAT ARE THERE IN A PARAGRAPH
MAIN IDEA = A SENTENCE what that paragraph is about (WHAT THE WRITER IS SAYING ABOUT THE TOPIC). The rest of the sentences are details that support the main idea. HOW TO find the main idea, ask yourself, "What is it about?“

17. POSITION OF MAIN IDEA: AT THE FIRST SENTENCE SUPPORTING SENTENCE

18. EXAMPLE
Summer is a wonderful time to spend at West Beach. It is a beach with light- colored, soft sand. The coastline goes on for a long way and many people enjoy walking along it. Children like to play in the surf and walk along the rocks that are visible at low tide. This is a fun beach for people of all ages.

19. POSITION OF MAIN IDEA IN THE LAST SENTENCE OF A PARAGRAPH, SO: SUPPORTING SENTENCES MAIN IDEA

20. EXAMPLE
Most teenagers and young adults do not know what they want to do for the rest of their lives. It is a big decision. There are a number of things you can do to narrow the choices. For example you can take an interest test, do some research on your own about a career, try volunteer work in the field in which you are interested, or "job-shadow", in which you spend a day with a person who is working in a field that interests you. These are just a few helpful ideas as you begin to choose a career.

21. WHAT ARE THERE IN A PARAGRAPH
THESIS STATEMENT
identifies the main idea and/or central purpose of the text. Also called the controlling idea. (In rhetoric, a claim is similar to a thesis.)
The thesis statement serves as the organizing principle of the text and usually appears in the introductory paragraph, often at the end

22. "A strong thesis statement both names the topic and reveals the writer's opinion about that topic. It should be clear and specific. A thesis statement can also list the supporting ideas, but sometimes these are written in a separate sentence. Strong thesis statement:Diwali is an important festival for Indians because they celebrate, remember traditional legends, and enjoy time with their families.The topic is specific enough, and it clearly gives the writer's opinion. In addition, it lists the supporting ideas." (Dorothy Zemach and Lynn Stafford-Yilmaz, Writers at Work: The Essay. Cambridge University Press, 2008)

23. Strong and weak thesis statement Weak thesis statement: India has a lot of interesting festivals. The statement is too broad—the writer can't discuss all Indian festivals. Even though it does state the writer's opinion, the statement is not clear: it doesn't explain why the festivals are interesting.

24. Strong thesis statement: Diwali is an important festival for Indians because they celebrate, remember traditional legends, and enjoy time with their families. The topic is specific enough, and it clearly gives the writer's opinion. In addition, it lists the supporting ideas." (Dorothy Zemach and Lynn Stafford-Yilmaz, Writers at Work: The Essay. Cambridge University Press, 2008)