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5.2-5.5.

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Presentation on theme: "5.2-5.5."— Presentation transcript:

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2 Polyatomic Ions Chlorate Carbonate Phosphate Ammonium Acetate Iodate
Nitrate Cyanide Bicarbonate Sulfate Hydroxide

3 Formulas Describe Compounds
A compound is a distinct substance that is composed of atoms of two or more elements Describe the compound by describing the number and type of each atom in the simplest unit of the compound Molecules or ions Each element is represented by its letter symbol The number of atoms of each element is written as a subscript If there is only one atom, the 1 subscript is not written Polyatomic groups are placed in parentheses Polyatomic ions come as packages!!! If more than one

4 1 Mg + 4 C + 6 H + 4 O = 15 6 Hg + 2 P + 8 O = 16 Mg(C2H3O2)2
Practice—Determine the Total Number of Atoms or Ions in One Formula Unit of Each of the Following. Mg(C2H3O2)2 (Hg2)3(PO4)2 1 Mg + 4 C + 6 H + 4 O = 15 6 Hg + 2 P + 8 O = 16

5 Classifying Materials
Atomic elements = Elements whose particles are single atoms Molecular elements(diatomic) = Elements whose particles are multi-atom molecules Molecular compounds = Compounds whose particles are molecules made of only nonmetals. Ionic compounds = Compounds whose particles are cations and anions.

6 Molecular Elements N2 O2 F2 H2 Cl2 Br2 I2
Certain elements occur as diatomic molecules. 7 diatomic elements—The Rule of 7s The seventh element is H2. H O N F Cl Br I 7 N2 O F2 H2 Cl2 Br2 I2

7 Molecular Compounds Two or more nonmetals Smallest unit is a molecule

8 Ionic Compounds Metals + nonmetals
No individual molecule units, instead have a 3-dimensional array of cations and anions made of formula units.

9 Classify Each of the Following as Either an Atomic Element, Molecular Element, Molecular Compound, or Ionic Compound. Aluminum, Al Aluminum chloride, AlCl3 Chlorine, Cl2 Acetone, C3H6O Carbon monoxide, CO Cobalt, Co

10 Ionic vs. Covalent Compounds
Formed from two ions Consists of a METAL and a nonmetal or polyatomic ion COVALENT Formed from two NONMETALS

11 Ionic Compounds Ionic compounds always contain cations and anions
Ionic compounds are made of ions. Ionic compounds always contain cations and anions Cations = + charged ions; anions = − charged ions. The sum of the + charges of the cations must equal the sum of the − charges of the anions The overall charge of a compound is ZERO!!

12 Writing Formulas for IONIC Compounds
Write the elemental symbol for each element Write the charges for each element (How do I figure this out?) The total charge of all compounds equal ZERO!!!

13 Example Magnesium Fluoride Ammonium Sulfide

14 Potassium ion with a nitride ion. Calcium ion with a bromide ion.
Practice—What Are the Formulas for Compounds Made from the Following Ions? Potassium ion with a nitride ion. Calcium ion with a bromide ion. Aluminum ion with a sulfide ion.


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