2. Acid-Base Chemistry

3. What is an Acid?
An acid is a solution that has an excess of H+ ions. It comes from the Latin word acidus that means "sharp" or "sour".
The more H+ ions, the more acidic the solution.

4. Properties of Acids Tastes Sour Conduct Electricity
Corrosive, which means they break down certain substances.
Some acids react strongly with metals
Turns blue litmus paper red

5. Uses of Acids Acetic Acid = Vinegar
Citric Acid = lemons, limes, & oranges. (It is in many sour candies such as lemonhead & sour patch.)
Ascorbic acid = Vitamin C which your body needs to function.
Sulfuric acid is used in the production of fertilizers, steel, paints, and plastics.
Car batteries

6. What is a Base? A base is a solution that has an excess of OH- ions.
Another word for base is alkali.
Bases are substances that can accept hydrogen H+ ions

7. Properties of Bases Feel Slippery Taste Bitter Corrosive
Can conduct electricity. (Think alkaline batteries.)
Do not react with metals.
Turns red litmus paper blue.

8. Uses of Bases
Bases are found in soaps, ammonia, and many other cleaning products.
Examples: chalk and oven cleaner
Your blood is a basic solution.

9. Naming Acids and Bases

10. Naming Acids If only 2 atoms: Change the name of the nonmetal
“hydro” prefix
“ic” ending
Add the word acid
Example: HF
Hydrofluoric acid
If more than 2 atoms:
Change ending of polyatomic ion
“ate” to “ic”
“ite” to “ous”
Add the word acid
Example: H2SO4
Sulfuric acid

11. You Try!
HBr
H2CO3

12. Naming Bases
Use your normal naming rules!
They will all have a “hydroxide” at the end (OH)

13. Your Job Complete the practice problems on the back!
We will check them tomorrow + take a quiz on acid base properties.