1. Two Types of Diffusion Relocation Gets weaker in the core.
Items being diffused leave the area of origin and move to new areas

2. Two Types of Diffusion Expansion Stays strong in the core
When items spread geographically by passing from one person to another while remaining with the first person

3. Expansion Diffusion
Spread of an innovation/idea…in such a way that the # of those influenced grows continuously larger, resulting in an expanding area of adoption
This occurs when an IDEA or TRAIT spreads from one place to another

4. Expansion Diffusion
Contagious Diffusion—spread of an idea /trait/concept through a group of people or an area equally without regard to social class, economic position, or position of power (no specific reason for why it goes where)
Flu
Gossip

5. Expansion Diffusion
Hierarchical Diffusion—Spread of an idea through an established structure usually from people or areas of power down to other people or areas
Urban areas to other urban areas and then to surrounding areas
Music
Fashion
Wealthy people to middle class to lower class
Technological innovations

6. Expansion Diffusion
Stimulus Diffusion—the spread of an underlying principle even though the new groups “remix” your idea
Follows an irregular patter
Ideas are not readily or directly adopted because they are too vague, different, or impractical for immediate adoption

7. Relocation v. Expansion
A is relocation diffusion as the person goes
B is the expansion diffusion as the idea/trait moves or transports

8. Barriers to Diffusion Cultural Barriers Physical Barriers
Some practices, innovations, ideas are not acceptable/adoptable in a particular culture (pork, alcohol, contraceptives)
Physical Barriers
Physical barriers on the surface may prohibit/inhibit adoption
Not as relevant today b/c of technology
Time-Distance Decay
Farther from the source and the more time it takes, the less likely the innovation will be adopted (or it will develop differently)
Technology makes this less prevalent

9. Density Frequency with which something occurs in space
Arithmetic Density (total # of objects, people, phenomena, in a given area
Population Density (Unit 2)—total number of people divided by total land area

10. Concentration The extent of a feature’s spread over space
Clustered (close together)
Dispersed (far apart)
Density and Concentration of Baseball Teams

11. Pattern How things are arranged, geometrically speaking
Linear distribution
Grid patterns