1. BELLRINGER
When meat stays outside for a long time, maggots appear. Did these maggots come from the meat? Why or why not?  

2. Agenda Bell Ringer (5 minutes) Introduction (10 minutes)
Notebook Input (10 minutes)
Notebook Output (5 minutes)
Make coacervates (40 minutes)
Independent Practice (15 minutes)
Exit Quiz (10 minutes)

4. Welcome to the journey…
How Did Life Start?
Welcome to the journey…

5. Abiogenesis: States that life can arise from nonliving things
Biogenesis: Life comes from other living things

6. So Life Began…
And for a long time people believed that you Spontaneously Generated from the matter around us.
Thus called the Theory of Spontaneous Generation….. Until…..

7. Contribution: Pasteur – disproved the entire theory
Of Spontaneous Generation by proving that bacteria exists in the air.
Broke the neck
Of the flask!
10:10-10:25 Tammy
Slide 7 of 16
To demonstrate that microorganisms entered the flasks along with dust particles from the air, Pasteur
broke off the necks of the flask B. sealed the necks of the flask
C. added more broth to the flask D. removed the broth from the flask
The scientist whose work was most effective in disproving spontaneous generation
Needham B. Miller
C. Urey D. Pasteur
amoebamike.wordpress.com 
Problem: We did not know where life came from? Life needs water and oxygen!

8. Primordial Soup Theory…

10. HMMM?? So what kind of organisms must have lived on Earth first?
The first organism must have been prokaryotic, anaerobic and derived from inorganic (non-living) compounds must have combined with water vapor in to form water.

11. Ancient form of photosynthesis – used H2S instead of H2O
10:10-10:25 Tammy
Slide 15 of 16
One beneficial effect of oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere was the
formation of an ozone layer
B. increase in UV radiation
C. presence of stromatalites
D. destruction of aerobic organisms
2009 What is Life - W.H. Freeman
Ancient form of photosynthesis – used H2S instead of H2O
Stromatolites (cyanobacteria) changed that by utilizing the little H2O vapor which released the oxygen; led to modern day photosynthesis.
O2 → ozone layer → Oxygen in troposphere → more life, BOOM!

12. CONTRIBUTION: MILLER AND UREY EXPERIMENT, 1953

13. Problem
At this point no scientist has been able to make amino acids from this experiment react to from anything more complicated.

14. Endosymbiosis Theory
Dr. Lynn Margulis was the first to claim the endosymbiont nature of mitochondria and chloroplasts with a handful of conclusive evidence.
11:25-11:45 Tammy - why at the end? All others in this topic deal with origin of life – this one deals with cells. I have found that the cell chapter/content is overwhelming with vocabulary/information that this one detail is sometimes forgotten… so I use this scientist and her work to recall cell information at this point.
The Endosymbiotic Theory was first proposed by former Boston University Biologist Lynn Margulis in the 1960's and officially in her 1981 book "Symbiosis in Cell Evolution".  Although now accepted as a well-supported theory, both she and the theory were ridiculed by mainstream biologists for a number of years.  Thanks to her persistance, and the large volumes of data that support this hypothesis gathered by her and many other scientists over the last 30 years, biology can now offer a plausible explanation for the evolution of eukaryotes.
Her hypothesis originally proposed that:
mitochondria are the result of endocytosis of aerobic bacteria
chloroplasts are the result of endocytosis of photosynthetic bacteria
in both cases by large anaerobic bacteria who would not otherwise be able to exist in an aerobic environment.
this arrangement became a mutually beneficial relationship for both cells (symbiotic).
The diagram below shows a proposed theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells, called endosymbiosis.
Which of the following explains why cells that contained mitochondria-like organelles had an evolutionary advantage?
A. They were able to photosynthesize
B. They had more DNA
C. They were able to make more use of available energy
D. They were immune to bacterial invasion.
E. I don’t know
Margulis' original hypothesis proposed that aerobic bacteria (that require oxygen) were ingested by anaerobic bacteria (poisoned by oxygen), and may each have had a survival advantage as long as they continued their partnership.
Many in the scientific community claim that Dr. Lynn Margulis had been the first to propose the Endosymbiotic Theory. Though it is true that she was the first to claim the endosymbiont nature of mitochondria and chloroplasts with a handful of conclusive evidence, she couldn’t have done it alone. Many before her breakthrough during the late 20th century also had contributions to the entire formation of the theory. She just put it all together.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have striking similarities to bacteria cells. They have their own DNA, which is separate from the DNA found in the nucleus of the cell. And both organelles use their DNA to produce many proteins and enzymes required for their function. A double membrane surrounds both mitochondria and chloroplasts, further evidence that each was ingested by a primitive host. The two organelles also reproduce like bacteria, replicating their own DNA and directing their own division

15. HOW DID THE FIRST EUKARYOTES FORM?
Aerobic prokaryote
Eukaryotes are more complex cells that have organelles
According to the endosymbiotic theory, eukaryotes obtained their organelles by engulfing prokaryotes.
** Those prokaryotes could have eventually become organelles
Anaerobic eukaryote

16. Origin of Life Activities
We Will be making life
Each group must

17. End Independent Practice
SILENTLY and INDEPENDENTLY answer the questions on your independent practice worksheet
Work with urgency! 10 minutes for 7 questions!
10 minutes
End

18. Homework
Write notes for next class

19. Exit Quiz
5 minutes