1. RELATIVE PRONOUNS

2. What are they? why do we need them??
What: Relative pronouns introduce a dependent clause that describes something or someone in the main clause (the antecedent)
Ana es la profesora con la que mejor me llevo Ella es la chica de la que te hablé
Why: To avoid repetition: “Yo pinté la casa. La casa es roja” vs “Yo pinte la casa que es roja”
In English the relative pronoun can sometimes be omitted but not in Spanish

3. Types of relative clauses
2 types: Those who give additional information about the antecedent (between commas), and (2) those who identify the antecedent in group.
“El director con quien nos viste se llama José”
“El examen de preposiciones, que hicimos ayer, fue muy difícil”

4. Pronouns and uses Que That, which, who, whom
RELATIVE PRONOUNS
TRANSLATION
USES
Que
That, which, who, whom
The most common relative pronoun
Can be use with people or things
The only one that can be used without prepositions
Quien(es)
Who, whom
Refers to people
Has to agree in number with the antecedent
Has be used with a prepositions in identifying sentences
El que, la que,
lo que,
los que, las que
That, which, who, whom,
he who, she who, those who
Use in place of “que” or “quien”
Can only be use in identifying senteces with prepositions
El cual, la cual,
Lo cual,
Los cuales, las cuales
Same as above
Same rules as above but it is more commonly used in written language or formal presentations.
Cuyo, cuya, cuyos, cuyas
Whose
Relative adjective use with people or things
Always preceeds a noun
As an adjective, it has to agree in gender in number with the noun.

5. LO QUE, LO CUAL
Use when referred to an idea previously stated “tenemos un examen hoy, lo que/lo cual odio”. (We have a test today which I hate)
When the idea has not been mentioned only use “lo que” Lo que hizo no estuvo bien” (what he did was not right)
When in doubt use “lo que”

6. Read additional rules on page 432.
Do exercises: 1, 2, 3, 4 on page 433