1. Grouping Elements
12.2

2. Alkali Metals Group 1 1 electron in the outermost shell
Soft silver metals with the exception of Hydrogen which is reactive gas
Very reactive – Tend to combine violently with halogens to form salts
One electron is lost, forming a positive ion
Are not found uncombined in nature

3. Alkaline Earth Metals Group 2 elements
Have 2 electrons in outermost shell
Very reactive but not as reactive as alkali metals
two electrons are harder to lose than one.
Have higher density than Alkali metals

4. Transition Metals Groups 3-12
Less reactive than alkaline earth metals; atoms do not give away their electrons as easily as group 1 or 2 metals
Tend to be shiny, more dense than group 1 or 2 metals and good conductors of heat and electricity
Includes Lanthanides and actinides(radioactive)

5. Boron Group
Group 13
Atoms are reactive – they combine easily with other elements
Atoms have three electrons in outermost shell
Aluminum is most common element

6. Carbon Group Group 14 Atoms have 4 electrons in outer level
Reactivity varies among the elements in this group.
Carbon atoms combine to form long chains

7. Nitrogen Group Group 15 Contains 5 electrons in the outermost shell
Reactivity varies among elements
Nitrogen is not very reactive and makes up about 80% of atmospheric air

8. Oxygen Group Group 16 Contains 6 electrons in outermost shell
Elements are reactive and tend to gain electrons, creating negative ions

9. Halogens Group 17 Contain 7 electrons on outer shell
Very reactive – tends to gain one electron, forming negative ions
Elements tend to combine violently with alkali metals, forming salts
Contain nonmetals that are only found combined with other elements in nature

10. Noble Gases Group 18 elements
Has full outermost electron shell – do not need to lose or gain electrons for stability
Elements are unreactive– they do not combine chemically with other elements