1. Waves

2. What Are Waves?
A wave is a disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another.
Examples
Ocean waves
Light waves
Radio waves
Earthquake waves
Microwaves

3. Types of Waves Waves can be classified by what they travel through.
Waves that need a medium are called mechanical waves
Waves that do not need a medium to travel are called electromagnetic waves

4. How Waves Move
Waves can also be classified by how they move.
There are three types
Transverse
Longitudinal
Surface

5. How Waves Move Continued
A transverse wave is a wave in which particles of the medium move in a direction perpendicular to the direction which the wave moves.

7. How Waves Move Continued
A longitudinal wave is a wave in which particles of the medium move in a direction parallel to the direction which the wave moves.

9. How Waves Move Continued
Surface waves are a combination of transverse and longitudinal waves.
Surface waves occur at the surface of two mediums.

10. Properties of a Transverse Wave
Crest- highest part of the wave
Trough- Lowest part of the wave
Amplitude- Height of the wave
Wave length- Distance from crest to crest or from trough to trough

11. Properties of a Transverse Wave Continued
Frequency- number of waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time
Speed- How far a wave travels in one unit of time

12. Properties of a Longitudinal Wave
Compressions- Where the particles of the medium are close together
Rarefactions- Where the particles of the medium are far apart
Amplitude- of a longitudinal wave is measured by how compressed or rarefied the medium becomes
Wave length- Distance from one compression to the next

13. Properties of a Longitudinal Wave Continued
Frequency and speed are the same for both kinds of waves.

14. Waves And Energy
Waves move out in all directions from an energy source
The more energy added to a wave the higher its amplitude

17. Waves and Different Mediums
Waves move at different speeds depending on their mediums
Waves move faster in solids than in liquids
Waves move faster in liquids than in gasses.

18. Waves and Different Mediums Continued
Waves move faster in less dense mediums
Waves move faster in warmer mediums

19. Sound
Sound is a disturbance that travels through a medium as a longitudinal wave.

20. Sound Waves In Different Mediums
Sound waves need a medium to travel.
The speed of sound changes as it moves from one medium to another.

21. Sound And The Properties Of Mediums
The speed of sound depends on the elasticity, density and temperature of the medium
Sound waves move faster in solids than liquids or gasses
Sound waves move faster in less dense mediums
Sound waves move faster in warmer mediums

22. The Speed of Sound
At normal atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius, a sound wave will travel at approximately 343 m/s; this is approximately equal to 750 miles/hour.
m/s speed of light

23. Properties Of Sound
Intensity- The amount of energy a sound wave carries per second.
The more energy put into a wave the larger the amplitude of the wave.
Loudness- The perception of the intensity of a sound wave. The greater the intensity the louder the sound.

24. Properties Of Sound Continued
Frequency- The Number of complete sound waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time.
Most people can hear frequency between 20 and 20,000 HZ
Ultrasound is sound generated above normal human hearing range.
Infrasound is sound generated below normal human hearing range.

25. Sound waves with high frequency have a high pitch.
Sound waves with a low frequency have a low pitch.

26. Light
Electromagnetic waves- Transverse waves that have some electrical properties and some magnetic properties.
Electromagnetic waves do not need a medium.

27. Speed Of Electromagnetic Waves
All electromagnetic waves travel at about 3 million meters per second
Electromagnetic waves slow down in a medium but still travel a million times faster than sound.

28. The Electromagnetic Spectrum