1. Verb Basics

2. Vocab Quiz 3
Tablinum
Laboro In
Triclinium
Road Be
Sit

3. Five Properties of Verbs
Person – who’s doing the verb
1st, 2nd, 3rd
Number – singular vs. plural, based on subject
Tense – time it happens
present, past, future, etc.
Voice – don’t worry about it now
Mood – don’t worry about it now

4. In English We (do, does) our best. He (do, does) the worst.
I (am, are, is) happy.
You (am, are, is) happy.
He (am, are, is) happy.
Why did you pick the one you picked?

5. Conjugating 3rd person verbs in Latin end with a –t.
Changing a verb based on the subject, tense, etc.
We do it in English without thinking; Latin does it
3rd person singular
Subject of sentence: he, she, it, a nominative noun, or “there”
Examples:
He is a cowboy.
Woody is a cowboy.
There’s a snake in my boot!
3rd person verbs in Latin end with a –t.
Only verbs we’ll be encountering for now.
Laborat – he works

6. Why the extra stuff?
Our vocab cards have laboro, laborare, laboravi, laboratus.
These are called a verb’s four principal parts.
Important later; remembering them now will be easier.

7. Translating So first, find the nominative. Then go to the verb.
We don’t read Latin left to right, we read it by the endings.
All of these say the same thing to a Roman:
Coquus est in culinā.
Est coquus in culinā.
In culinā coquus est.
In culinā est coquus.
So first, find the nominative.
Then go to the verb.
Then add any prepositional phrase.

8. The irregular verb sum Sum, esse, fui, futurus – to be
Irregular in English
Am, are, is, was, were, be, being, been
Irregular in Latin too
Sum (I am) becomes est (he is), not sumt or sut.
It’s weird – just memorize it

9. The verb “is” vs. “is verbing”
Look at page 7.
Est = ? Sedet = ?
Where’s the Latin for “is” in the second one?!
Latin says, “He sits,” and, “He is sitting,” the same way. Sedet.
Latin does NOT say, “est sedet,” for, “He is sitting.”

10. Practice using pg.7 The cook is sleeping. The cook is in the kitchen.
The son is working.
The son is in the garden.
The dog barks.
The dog is in the street.
The slave enters.
The slave is entering.
The mother is shouting.
The father shouts.

11. Answers Coquus dormit. Coquus est in culinā. Filius laborat.
Filius est in hortō.
Canis latrat.
Canis est in viā.
Servus intrat.
Mater clamat.
Pater clamat.