Major Changes to the 2009 IECC

Major Changes to the 2009 IECC
& Above Code Programs

Energy Engineer and Consultant
Introduction Tim Guiterman, LEED AP Energy Engineer and Consultant Navigant Consulting Burlington, VT (802)

Overview Objective Administration Building Envelope Mechanical Systems
Electrical Power & Lighting Q&A Above Code Programs

Objective Highlight the major changes between 2006 and 2009 IECC that will affect your upcoming projects in New Hampshire. Source for Changes to 2006 IECC:

Suggested Reading Combined 2009 IECC/ASHRAE 90.1-2007
2009 IECC Commentary 2009 IECC Study Companion Available combined with code ASHRAE 90.1 User’s Manual Did you get the free downloads?

Introduction to the Commercial Energy Code Compliance Process
Must the Project Comply with the IECC? Comply with the Envelope Requirements Comply with the Mechanical/SWH Requirements Comply with the Power & Lighting Requirements Section 502 90.1 Section 5 Sections 503 and 504 90.1 Section 6 Section 505 90.1 Section 9 Document Compliance with the IECC Plan Review Inspection

Chapter 1: Administration

Major Changes to Chapter 1
Adds exemptions to Additions, Alterations, Renovations and Repairs section Change in Occupancy section revised Change in Space Conditioning requires full compliance with code

101.4.3 Additions, Alterations, Renovations and Repairs
Working on an existing building? If you touch it, bring it up to code… Additions, alterations, renovations or repairs to an existing building, building system or portion thereof shall conform to the provisions of this code… without requiring the unaltered portion(s) of the existing building or building system to comply with this code. With some exceptions…

101.4.3 Additions, Alterations, Renovations and Repairs
New Exceptions: If you replace an existing door, separating conditioned space from exterior, you do not need to add a vestibule; however, if a vestibule is part of the door assembly that is modified, it must remain on the building or be replaced Up to 50% of the luminaires can be replaced as long as the load is not increased in the building Bulb & ballast replacements are exempt providing the alteration does not increase the load.

Change in Occupancy 2006 IECC required buildings undergoing a change in occupancy that results in increased load to comply with the code 2009 IECC maintains above (“space” in lieu of “building”) and requires installed lighting wattage to comply with IECC if the space changes from one use to another use as defined in Table

Full compliance with the code for that space
Scenario: An online retail company based in Manchester is converting 5,000 SF of open office space to warehouse space. All of the lighting will be changed. The IECC requires: Full compliance with the code for that space Compliance with only the lighting power allowance for that space The space is exempted from the code #2 Correct

Change in Occupancy Full compliance is not necessary, as this is not an addition, alteration, renovation or repair to the building. It’s not fully exempt as more than 50% of the lighting is being replaced This is classified as a change in occupancy (Section ), and demand for energy is not increasing. The space is changing form one us eto another in Table so LPD must change form 1.0 to 0.8 W/SF.

Chapter 5: Commercial energy efficiency

What are My Options for Complying with the IECC?
Chapter 5 of the IECC General Prescriptive Approach Use for ≤ 40% of gross wall area in vertical fenestration Use for ≤ 3% of gross roof area in skylights Section 506 Total Building Performance Approach ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 2006 IECC allowed individual sections to comply with either IECC or ASHRAE 90.1 2009 IECC requires compliance with either IECC or ASHRAE 90.1 in its entirety Note: Code now references ASHRAE

Section 502: Building envelope

Commercial Envelope Compliance Process
Must the Project Comply with the IECC? Comply with the Envelope Requirements Comply with the Mechanical/SWH Requirements Comply with the Lighting Requirements Section 502 90.1 Section 5 Sections 503 and 504 90.1 Section 6 Section 505 90.1 Section 9 Document Compliance with the IECC Plan Review Inspection

Major Changes to Envelope Requirements
Added U-factor table to correspond to R-Value table Added Group R category for insulation Envelope stringency increased Additional descriptions added for metal building walls/roofs Consolidated skylight categories into one category

Table 502.1.2: Envelope Requirements
Category 2006 IECC 2009 IECC CZ 5 CZ6 Roofs Insulation Entirely Above Deck R-20ci No Change Metal Building R-19 Attic and Other R-30 R-38 Walls-Above Grade Mass R-7.6ci R-9.5ci R-11.4ci R-13.3ci R-13 + R-13 R-13 + R-5.6ci Metal Framed R-13 + R-3.8ci R-13 + R-7.5ci Wood Framed and Other R-13

Table 502.1.2: Envelope Requirements (Cont’d)
Category 2006 IECC 2009 IECC CZ 5 CZ6 Walls-Below Grade Below Grade Wall NR R-7.5ci Floors Mass R-10ci R-12.5ci Joist/Framing R-19 R-30 Slab-On-Grade Floors Unheated Slabs R-10 for 24 in. below Heated Slabs R-7.5 for 24 in. below R-10 for 36 in. below R-15 for 24 in. below Opaque Doors Swinging U-0.70 Roll-up or Sliding U-1.45 U-0.50

Heat transfer is greater in metal than in wood
In CZ 5 and below, more insulation is required for metal-framed walls than for wood-framed walls. Why? Heat transfer is greater in metal than in wood Metal-framed walls are spaced closer so there is more thermal-bridging Heavy lobbying by the wood industry to drive up costs for metal-framing #1 is correct

Below-grade walls are defined as exterior walls that are…
At least 50 percent below grade At least 85 percent below grade The below grade portion of a basement Any exterior wall not classified as above grade #2 Correct

Slab-on-Grade Floors (502.2.6)
Unheated slab – insulation required in NH CZ 5: Only required for Group R CZ 6: R-10 for 24 inches below Heated slabs – insulation required CZ 5 & 6: R-15 for 24 inches below What are you seeing in practice? 2006 IECC didn’t require insulation in Climate Zones 1-7 for unheated slabs Question for attendees: What are we seeing in practice? How is insulation applied? Code requires downward and then horizontal. Is this followed? Is insulation typically exterior or interior? : The insulation shall be placed on the outside of the foundation or on the inside of a foundation wall. The insulation shall extend downward from the top of the slab for a minimum distance as shown in the table or to the top of the footing, whichever is less, or downward to at least the bottom of the slab and then horizontally to the interior or exterior for the total distance shown in the table.

Roof R-Value – Insulation Placed on Suspended Ceiling with Removable Ceiling Tiles
Will not count for code compliance Will not comply with Section – “Sealing of the building envelope”

Roof R-Value – Metal Buildings
R-5 thermal blocks required on all metal buildings or must use U-factor Compliance Method Require two layers of insulation CZ 5: R-13+R-13 CZ 6: R-13+R-19 Example (R-13+R-19): R-13 draped perpendicularly to the purlins R-19 running parallel to the purlins supported by the R-13

Vertical Fenestration Requirement (502.3.1) - Prescriptive
Percentage of Vertical Fenestration Area to Gross Wall Area Allows up to 40% maximum of above grade wall Question: What are typical fenestration percentages you see?

IECC Section 506 (Total Building Performance) only
A commercial building in North Conway, NH will have a gross wall area of 15,000 ft2. The building will have a vertical fenestration area of 7,500 ft2. What building envelope compliance options are available for this project? ASHRAE only IECC Section 506 (Total Building Performance) only IECC Section 502 (Building Envelope Requirements) and Section 506 (Total Building Performance) 1 and 2 only #4 Correct

Vertical Fenestration Requirement (502.3.1)
Based on above-grade wall area (gross) Includes walls between conditioned space and unconditioned space or the outdoors Includes walls that are > 15% above grade Total fenestration area (includes frame and glazing) Does not include opaque door area

Glazed Fenestration SHGC (502.3.2)
What is Solar Heat Gain Coefficient? “The ratio of the solar heat gain entering the space through the fenestration assembly to the incident solar radiation.”

Fenestration SHGC Requirements
The Effect of Overhangs on Fenestration SHGC Overhangs allow a higher SHGC product to be installed Projection factor must be calculated

Skylight U-Factor / SHGC
2006 IECC classified glass and plastic skylights 2009 IECC condensed into one category Limited to ≤ 3% of Roof Area U-factor and SHGC Based NFRC 100 Rating for U-factor or Default Table Category 2006 IECC 2009 IECC CZ 5 CZ6 Skylights U-factor Glass: 0.60 Plastic: 1.30 Glass: 0.90 Plastic: 1.30 0.60 SHGC Glass: 0.40 Plastic: 0.62 0.40

Mandatory Requirements – Sealing of the Building Envelope (502.4.3)
All penetrations, openings, joints and seams in the building envelope must be sealed. Materials that can be used include: Caulking Gasketing Tapes Moisture vapor-permeable wrapping material Sealing materials spanning joints between dissimilar materials must allow for expansion and contraction

Section 503: Building Mechanical Systems

Mechanical Systems Compliance Process
Must the Project Comply with the IECC? Comply with the Envelope Requirements Comply with the Mechanical/SWH Requirements Comply with the Lighting Requirements Section 502 90.1 Section 5 Sections 503 and 504 90.1 Section 6 Section 505 90.1 Section 9 Document Compliance with the IECC Plan Review Inspection

Major Changes to Mechanical Requirements
Revises equipment efficiency tables for water-chilling packages Requires snow melt control Requires demand control ventilation (DCV) for certain spaces Removes exception for energy recovery ventilation for lab fume hood systems ≤ 15,000 cfm Lowers the system capacity for economizer requirement for NH climate zones 5A and 6A Introduces fan power limitations Reorganizes hydronic water loop heat pump section Introduces supply air temperature reset controls for multiple-zone systems

Section 503 Building Mechanical Systems
Simplified to Include Only Four Sections: What Provisions of the Code Apply (503.1) Mandatory Provisions (503.2) Simple HVAC Systems and Equipment (503.3) Complex HVAC Systems and Equipment (503.4)

Simple Versus Complex Systems
Buildings served by unitary or packaged HVAC each serving 1 zone controlled by 1 thermostat. Two-pipe heating systems serving multiple zones are included if no cooling system is installed [Tables (1) through (5)] Section Simple Systems Section Complex Systems All buildings served by HVAC systems not covered under 503.3

Variable air volume system Unitary or packaged system
A non-packaged HVAC system that is designed to serve multiple building zones would be referred to as a ______. Simple system Complex system Variable air volume system Unitary or packaged system #2 Correct

Simple Versus Complex Systems

Equipment and System Sizing (503.2.2)
Output capacity SHALL NOT exceed sizing – Select the system which serves the greater load, heating or cooling Exceptions Standby Equipment with Required Controls Multiple Units with Combined Capacities Exceeding Loads Sequencing Controls Required

Multiple boilers-allowed to exceed load- if sequenced
Multiple units of the same equipment type with combined capacities exceeding the design load and provided with controls that have the capability to sequence the operation of each unit based on load.

Table (2) This is only part of Table (2) to give an idea of the information contained in the table. Values before and after January 2010

According to Chapter 5, simple HVAC systems and equipment that meet the minimum equipment requirements listed in Tables (1-11) shall be verified… By an approved certification program, or if none exists, with manufacturer’s data By the building official Through testing procedures found in the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals By an onsite contractor at the time of equipment inspection #1 Correct

The automatic controls for a snow-melt system shall be capable of shutting off the system when the pavement temperature is above _____ and no precipitation is falling. 35°F 45°F 40°F 50°F #4 is correct

Demand Controlled Ventilation (503.2.5.1)
2006 IECC had no DCV requirement 2009 IECC: DCV must be provided for each zone with spaces > 500 ft² and the average occupant load > 40 people/1000 ft² of floor area where the HVAC system has: An air-side economizer Automatic modulating control of the outdoor air damper, or A design outdoor airflow > 3,000 cfm Demand control ventilation (DCV): a ventilation system capability that provides for the automatic reduction of outdoor air intake below design rates when the actual occupancy of spaces served by the system is less than design occupancy. Changed from 2006 IECC.

Demand Controlled Ventilation (503.2.5.1) - Exceptions
Systems with energy recovery per Multiple zone systems without direct digital control of single zones communicating with central control panel Systems with design outdoor airflow < 1,200 cfm Spaces where supply airflow rate minus any makeup or outgoing transfer air requirement < 1,200 cfm Question about spaces with ~2,000 cfm?

The wall and duct-mounted carbon dioxide (CO2) sensors are designed especially for demand-controlled ventilation zone applications. Question about spaces with ~2,000 cfm?

Question about spaces with ~2,000 cfm?

Energy Recovery Ventilation (503.2.6)
2006 IECC: Exception for lab fume hood systems ≤ 15,000 cfm 2009 IECC: Removed only this exception, maintained all others Significant change from 2006 IECC

ECONOMIZER REQUIREMENT
Economizers ( ) 2006 IECC: CZ 5A and 6A - Economizers required on all systems ≥ 135,000 Btu/h 2009 IECC: Revised to 54,000 Btu/h Table (1) CLIMATE ZONES ECONOMIZER REQUIREMENT 1A, 1B, 2A, 7, 8 No requirement 2B, 3A, 3B, 3C, 4A, 4B, 4C, 5A, 5B, 5C, 6A, 6B Economizers on cooling systems ≥ 54,000 Btu/ha a The total capacity of all systems without economizers shall not exceed 480,000 Btu/h per building, or 20 percent of its air economizer capacity, whichever is greater *Note: CZs 2B, 3B and 4B can trade off economizer requirement with improved equipment efficiency (10-20%)

Yes, the system is greater than 90,000 Btu/h
A cooling system rated at 135,000 Btu/h capacity is proposed for an office building in Portland (CZ 5A). The proposed EER for the system will be Is an economizer required for this system? Yes, the system is greater than 90,000 Btu/h No, the system meets the 10.9 EER requirement for tading-off Yes, economizers cannot be traded off in CZ 5 No, there is no economizer requirement in CZ5. #3 Correct

Supply and return ducts and plenums are required to be insulated to…
R-8 in all locations R-5 in all locations R-5 in unconditioned spaces; R-8 exterior R-8 in unconditioned spaces; R-5 exterior None of the above

Air System Design and Control (503.2.10)
2006 IECC: No Requirement 2009 IECC: HVAC systems with total fan system power > 5 hp to meet and Allowable Fan Floor Horsepower Motor Nameplate Horsepower Fan system power is the sum of the nominal power demand (nameplate hp) of all fans in a system that are required to operate at design conditions to supply air from the heating or cooling source (such as coils) to the conditioned spaces and return it back to the source or exhaust it to the outdoors. Changed from the 2006 IECC.

Allowable Fan Floor Horsepower
Each HVAC system at fan design conditions to not exceed allowable fan system motor nameplate hp (Option 1) or fan system bhp (Options 2) in Table (1) Exceptions Hospital and laboratory systems using flow control devices on exhaust and/or return for health and safety or environmental control permitted to use variable fan power limitation Individual exhaust fans ≤ 1 hp Fans exhausting air from fume hoods

Motor Nameplate Horsepower
Selected fan motor to be no larger than first available motor size greater than bhp Fan bhp on design documents Exceptions Fans < 6 bhp, where first available motor larger than bhp has nameplate rating within 50% of bhp, next larger nameplate motor size may be selected Fans ≥ 6 bhp, where first available motor larger than bhp has nameplate rating within 30% of bhp, next larger nameplate motor size may be selected bhp = brake horsepower

Hydronic Water Loop Heat Pump Systems (503.4.3.3)
All of changed from the 2006 IECC. Question: Are these systems commonplace in NH new construction? What are impacts of new requirements? Temperature dead band of at least 20ºF ( ) Exception: where system loop temp optimization controller is installed and can determine the most efficient operating temp based on real time conditions of demand and capacity All of changed from the 2006 IECC.

Hydronic Water Loop Heat Pump Systems (503.4.3.3) – cont’d
Heat rejection equipment Open- or closed-circuit cooling tower used Must have a separate heat exchanger to isolate cooling tower from heat pump loop Heat loss controlled by shutting down circulation pump on cooling tower loop and providing an automatic valve to stop flow of fluid Two position valve ( ) Required on each hydronic heat pump with total pump system power > 10 hp

Supply-Air Temperature Reset Controls (503.4.5.4)
2006 IECC: No requirement 2009 IECC: Multiple zone HVAC systems to have controls to automatically reset supply-air temperature in response to building loads or outdoor air temperature Controls to be capable of resetting supply air temperature at least 25% of difference between design supply-air temperature and design room air temperature Exceptions Systems that prevent reheating, recooling or mixing of heated and cooled supply air 75% of energy for reheating is from site-recovered or site solar energy sources Zones with peak supply air quantities of ≤ 300 cfm Significant change from 2006 IECC

Section 505: Electrical Power and Lighting Systems

The IECC Code Compliance Process
Must the Project Comply with the IECC? Comply with the Envelope Requirements Comply with the Mechanical/SWH Requirements Comply with the Power & Lighting Requirements Section 502 90.1 Section 5 Sections 503 and 504 90.1 Section 6 IECC Section 505 Section 9 Document Compliance with the IECC Plan Review Inspection Section 506 Building Performance Method Lighting compliance can be shown in three different ways: IECC Section 505, 90.1 Section 9, or IECC Section Section 506 is a whole building performance method that involves the use of modeling software. It compares a building built just meeting the code requirements to your building. If the energy use of your building is less than the “base” building, your building complies. The performance method is typically used only for complex buildings or when the other compliance options do not work.

Major Changes to Electrical/Lighting Systems Requirements
Adds high-efficacy lighting requirement for dwelling units Requires separate controls for daylight zones Allows for use of photocell in tandem with other controls on certain exterior lighting applications Adds exempted lighting applications that can be excluded from total connected interior lighting power calculations Revises additional lighting power allowance calculations for retail areas Creates four exterior lighting zones based on lighting need

When do the Lighting and Power Requirements Apply?
Original installed lighting system in a new building, addition, or tenant build-out Existing lighting system that is altered Change in occupancy that increases energy Exceptions: Historic buildings State or National listing Eligible to be listed Alterations where less than 50% of the luminaires are replaced and power is not increased Lighting within dwelling units Where ≥ 50% of permanently installed fixtures are high-efficacy lamps There are other historic listings that may be applicable, such as regional listings. Confirm these exceptions with the building official.

High-Efficacy Lamps Defined in the 2009 IECC as:
Compact fluorescent lamps, T-8 or smaller diameter linear fluorescent lamps, or lamps with a minimum efficacy based on lamp wattage Lamp Wattage Efficacy > 40 watts 60 lumens/watt 15-40 watts 50 lumens/watt < 15 watts 40 lumens/watt Definition of high-efficacy added in 2009 IECC.

What’s Covered Under Electrical Power and Lighting Systems Requirements?
Mandatory Interior Lighting Requirements Required Controls Wattage/Efficiency Limits Interior Lighting Power Allowances (watts/ft2) Exterior Lighting Controls Lamp Efficiency Exterior Lighting Power Allowances (watts/ft2) Electric Metering

Interior Lighting Control (505.2): Basic Control
Independent Lighting Control required for each space surrounded by floor-to-ceiling partitions Must be located in the space served, or - Switched from a remote location Must have indicator that identifies the lights served and their status (off or on) Exemptions Security or emergency areas that must be continuously lighted Lighting in stairways or corridors that are elements of the means of egress Intent: Allow occupants to control unneeded lighting!

Interior Lighting Control: Light Reduction
Light Reduction Controls must allow the occupant to reduce connected lighting By at least 50% In a reasonably uniform illumination pattern Note: Alternate Standard ASHRAE/IESNA does not require Light Reduction Control Intent: Allow occupants to moderate light levels to save energy!

Light Reduction Control Options
Controlling all lamps or luminaires Dual switching of alternate rows of luminaires, alternate luminaires or lamps Switching middle lamp luminaires independently from the outer lamps Each luminaire or each lamp Dimming Alternating Luminaires Alternating lamps Dimmer Switch D Options are: dimming, dual switching in a uniform patter across the ceiling grid, or, for three-lamp fixtures, switch the middle lamps independently from the outer lamps. You can also do each luminaire or each lamp although this isn’t common due to cost and practicality. S S

Interior Lighting Control: Light Reduction Exemptions
Light Reduction Control Not required for the following: Areas with only one luminaire Areas controlled by occupancy sensor Corridors, storerooms, restrooms or public lobbies Sleeping units Spaces with <0.6 w/ft2 A sleeping unit is different than a dwelling unit. A sleeping unit refers to the bedroom in a hotel/motel, boarding house, etc.

Which of the following spaces must install light reduction controls?
Hotel sleeping unit Public lobby in an office building Office space with two luminaires Restroom #3 Correct. All the other spaces are listed in the exemptions.

Interior Lighting Control: Automatic Shutoff
Automatic lighting shutoff control device required in all buildings larger than 5,000 ft2 Building Defined: “Any structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering any use or occupancy” Building area surrounded by exterior walls and fire walls Exempted spaces Sleeping units Lighting for patient care When an automatic shutoff would endanger occupant safety or security Intent: Eliminate after hours lighting waste! Two ways to define “building”. In the second, “fire walls” is the important distinction. For example, a strip mall with different units in it may be over 5000 sf, but if the individual units are separated by fire walls and are less than 5000 sf, automatic shutoff would not be required. Also, if there is a space such as a mechanical room in which equipment is maintained, automatic shutoff might endanger people working on or near the equipment and this space may therefore be exempted.

Interior Lighting Control: Automatic Shutoff Options
Automatic Lighting Shutoff Compliance Options Control lights on a scheduled basis (automatic time switch) Time-of-day controller Controls ≤ 25,000 ft2 and not more than one floor, or Occupant sensor Turn lights off within 30 minutes of occupant leaving the space Signal from another control or alarm that indicates the area is unoccupied Courtesy Britt-Makela Group

Interior Lighting Control: Automatic Shutoff Override
Readily accessible Within view of the lights or area controlled Manually operated ≤ 2 hour override Controls an area ≤ 5,000 ft2 Exemptions Can be over 2 hour override in malls and arcades, auditoriums, single-tenant retail space, industrial facilities and arenas when using captive key override Override in malls and arcades, auditoriums, single-tenant retail space, industrial facilities and arenas can cover up to 20,000 ft2

Automatic lighting shutoff is not required in buildings that are a maximum of ______ square feet.
10,000 7,500 5,000 2,500 #3 Correct

Daylight Zone Definition – Under Skylights
The area under skylights whose horizontal dimension, in each direction, is equal to the skylight dimension plus the smaller of: The floor-to-ceiling height, or The distance to a ceiling height opaque partition, or One-half the distance to adjacent skylights or windows New in the 2009 IECC. 75

Daylight Zone Definition – Adjacent to Vertical Fenestration
The daylight zone depth is assumed to be 15 feet into the space or to the nearest ceiling height opaque partition, whichever is less The daylight zone width is assumed to be: the width of the window plus 2 feet on each side, or the window width plus distance to opaque partitions, or the window width plus one-half the distance to adjacent skylight or vertical fenestration, whichever is least. 76

Daylight Zone Control Daylight zones
Must have individual control of the lights independent of general area lighting

Interior Lighting Power Limits (505.5)
Connected Interior Lighting Power must not exceed Interior Lighting Power Allowance Calculate Interior Lighting Power Allowance Building Area type allowance Additional allowances Calculate proposed connected lighting power Wattage calculation “rules” Exempted lighting Compare values: proposed wattage must be less than or equal to allowed wattage Intent: Eliminate waste from sloppy lighting design and application!

Interior Lighting Power Allowances
Table Building Area Type Note: Alternate Standard ASHRAE/IESNA provides whole building and space-by-space options

Interior Lighting Power Allowance Calculation
First, choose an appropriate “Building Area Type” from the allowance table ( ). “Building Area” includes all spaces that are associated with that business or function type. For example a space with: Corridors, Restrooms, A lobby, and Office space …would be considered an Office Building Area Type Then...multiply the lighting power density (W/ft2) by the building square footage to get allowed watts for compliance

Office - Example Table A 200,000 ft2 office building that contains corridor, restrooms, break rooms and a lobby is given 1.0 W/ft2 for the entire building Office: 200,000 ft2 1.0 W/ft2 = 200,000 W

Interior Lighting Power Allowance for Multiple Occupancy Building
How is an allowance determined if the building has more than one Building Area Type? Example – A building contains the following area types Museum: 40,000 ft2 Retail: 5,000 ft2 Cafeteria: 10,000 ft2 Use the more specific building area type where more than one area type exists in the building Sum the individual (lighting power density X area square footage) values for Total Power Allowance

Multiple Occupancy Building - Example
Table Museum: 40,000 ft2 at 1.1 W/ft2 = 44,000 W Cafeteria:10,000 ft2 at 1.4 W/ft2 = 14,000 W Retail: 5,000 ft2 at 1.5 W/ft2 = 7,500 W Total watts allowed = 65,500 W In this example, add the individual allowances to arrive at the total allowed watts.

Additional Retail Lighting Power Allowance (Table 505.5.2 – Footnotes)
Additional Interior Lighting Power Allowance = 1000 watts + (Retail Area 1 x 0.6 W/ft2) + (Retail Area 2 x 0.6 W/ft2) + (Retail Area 3 x 1.4 W/ft2) + (Retail Area 4 x 2.5 W/ft2), Where: Retail Area 1 = the floor area for all products not listed in Retail Area 2, 3 or 4. Retail Area 2 = the floor area used for the sale of vehicles, sporting goods and small electronics. Retail Area 3 = the floor area used for the sale of furniture, clothing, cosmetics and artwork. Retail Area 4 = the floor area used for the sale of jewelry, crystal, and china. Exception: Other merchandise categories may be included in Retail Areas 2 through 4 above, provided that justification documenting the need for additional lighting power based on visual inspection, contrast, or other critical display is approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Intent: Allow flexibility in design for critical retail applications! Specific accommodation has been made for retail merchandise highlighting in the 2009 IECC. These are IN ADDITION TO general lighting. Display area is the specific area to highlight merchandise. For example, track lighting installed to highlight a wall display of shoes – would qualify. Overhead, general lighting not specifically aimed at the wall of shoes would not qualify.

Proposed Lighting Power Calculation
Sum the wattage of all proposed connected lighting power This must include all lighting that is part of the design for the space including: Overhead lighting Task lighting Decorative lighting Must include all lighting that is part of the design. If individual task lighting is part of the design it must be included. One example of lighting that would NOT have to be included is if the tenant purchases furniture with under shelf task lighting that wasn’t part of the original design. The calculation includes the lamp plus ballast values. Note: Wattage must be calculated based on actual power draw…not just nominal lamp rating

Wattage of the light bulb proposed for the fixture
When documenting the total connected lighting power for a proposed building, what wattage should be used for a screw lamp holder? Wattage of the light bulb proposed for the fixture Maximum labeled wattage of the luminaire 300 watts per fixture 100 watts per fixture #2 Correct

Exemptions to Proposed Lighting Power Calculation
Connected power for following not included in calculations: Professional sports arena playing field Sleeping unit lighting Emergency lighting automatically off during normal building operation Lighting in spaces specifically designed for use by occupants with special lighting needs including visual impairment and other medical and age related issues Lighting in interior spaces specifically designated as a registered interior historic landmark Casino gaming areas Lighting equipment used for the following exempt if in addition to general lighting and controlled by an independent control device Task lighting for medical and dental procedures Display lighting for exhibits in galleries, museums and monuments Theatrical, stage, film, and video production Used for photographic processes Integral to equipment or instrumentation installed by manufacturer Plant growth or maintenance Advertising or directional signage Food warming and food prep equipment (in restaurant buildings and areas) Lighting equipment that is for sale Lighting demonstration equipment in lighting education facilities Approved because of safety or emergency considerations, exclusive of exit lights Integral to both open and glass-enclosed refrigerator and freezer cases In retail display windows when the display is enclosed by ceiling-height partitions Furniture-mounted supplemental task lighting controlled by automatic shutoff These types of lighting do not have to be counted. These are considered to be IN ADDITION TO general lighting.

What if My Proposed Design Does Not Meet Code?
Check calculations Appropriate area type allowances used? Actual lighting equipment wattages used? …and design Reasonable illuminance levels provided? Efficient light sources used? Use alternate Standard * Use total Building Performance Method *Section Application requires 90.1 to be used in its entirety (Envelope, Lighting, Mechanical) if used as an alternate compliance path If using default values, you might want to use the actual values. does have space-by-space option available, but the numbers (in terms of stringency) are the same for the same types. Building Performance Method – typically for larger, more complex buildings.

Exterior Lighting Control Requirements (505.2.4)
For dusk-to-dawn lighting: astronomical time switch or photosensor For all other: astronomical time switch OR photosensor + time switch All time switches must have 10 hour battery backup

Exterior Efficiency Requirement (505.6.1)
Building grounds lighting luminaires over 100 watts must have source efficacy of at least 60 lumens per watt Exceptions: Controlled by motion sensor Any of the exterior lighting power allowance exceptions As approved for a historical, safety, signage, or emergency consideration As the table shows, incandescent and halogen lighting is not efficient enough; some CFL and linear fluorescents will work. If claiming an exception, document if for the building official.

Exterior Lighting Power Limits (505.6.2)
Connected Exterior Lighting Power must not exceed Exterior Lighting Power Allowance Calculate exterior Lighting Power Allowance Lighting power densities by exterior function and by applicable lighting zone Calculate proposed connected lighting power Wattage calculation “rules” Exempted lighting Compare values: proposed wattage must be less than or equal to allowed wattage Similar to interior lighting power limits. Same steps to calculate as for interior.

Exterior Lighting Power Limits (505.6.2)
What areas are covered under exterior lighting allowances? Tradable surfaces Common exterior lighted needs that can be traded for other needs. For example, wattage allowed for parking lot lighting can be “traded” and used for canopy lighting. Nontradable surfaces Less common exterior lighted needs that cannot be traded for other needs. These applications have more specific security or task illuminance needs. Two sections to the table: tradable and non-tradable. Tradable – when calculating the allowance based on all surfaces; can be used for any fixture you want. Typically, the most common surfaces are included as tradable (example: parking lot lighting). If you don’t use it all, you can use it elsewhere (example: canopy lighting). Non-tradable – typically related to specific security requirements. “Extra” cannot be used for other fixtures.

Tradable Surfaces Uncovered parking lots and areas
Walkways (under and over 10 feet wide) Stairways Pedestrian tunnels Main building entrances Other doors Entry canopies Free-standing and attached sales canopies Open sales areas Street frontage sales areas

Nontradable Surfaces Building facades
Automated teller machines and night depositories Entrances and gatehouse inspection stations at guarded facilities Loading areas for law enforcement, fire, ambulance and other emergency vehicles Drive-up windows/doors Parking near 24-hour retail entrances Although building facades are common, they are included as non-tradable surfaces. Cannot use “extra” wattage elsewhere.

Exterior Lighting Zones [Table 505.6.2(1)]
Description 1 Developed areas of national parks, state parks, forest land, and rural areas 2 Areas predominantly consisting of residential zoning, neighborhood business districts, light industrial with limited nighttime use and residential mixed use areas 3 All other areas 4 High-activity commercial districts in major metropolitan areas as designated by the local land use planning authority New in the 2009 IECC.

Exterior Lighting Zones
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4 Base Site Allowance 500 W 600 W 750 W 1300 W Tradable Surfaces Uncovered Parking Areas Parking areas and drives 0.04 W/ft2 0.06 W/ft2 0.10 W/ft2 0.13 W/ft2 Building Grounds Walkways less than 10 feet wide 0.7 W/linear foot 0.8 W/linear foot 1.0 W/linear foot Walkways 10 feet wide or greater 0.14 W/ft2 0.16 W/ft2 0.2 W/ft2 Plaza areas Special Feature Areas Stairways 0.75 W/ft2 1.0 W/ft2 Pedestrian Tunnels 0.15 W/ft2 0.3 W/ft2 Requirements are by Zones in the 2009 IECC.

Questions/Discussion

Above code programs

Above Code Programs The field is advancing…quickly

Above Code Programs Green Building Codes
Stretch Codes Green Building Rating Systems Green Building Codes Net Zero/Living Buildings Generally, the arena of “beyond code” ranges form performance improvements over existing codes, to green, high performance building certification programs, to codified green building programs to net zero/living building goals. Baseline: ASHRAE or 2009 IECC (New Hampshire Amendments)

Above Code Programs Why go beyond code? Owner-driven
Save energy Marketing Internal goals Jurisdictional requirement Designer-driven

What percent of projects that you work on exceed the energy code (best guess)?
Less than 25% 25% - 50% 50%-75% 75% + Don’t Know!

New Buildings Institute (NBI) Core Performance Program
Buildings < 70,000 ft2 20% - 30% Savings over ASHRAE Codified in Massachusetts “Stretch Code” Prescriptive path for LEED Energy & Atmosphere points (Eac1) No energy modeling required

NBI Core Performance Program
Design Process Strategies Integrated Design Core Performance Requirements Delivers consistent savings across building types, climates Enhanced Performance Strategies Optional measures  certain systems or building types Energy Modeling Optional to pursue aggressive energy savings or show alternative compliance to prescriptive path Four major sections of Core Performance First two required Energy modeling can be used to achieve core performance requirements with more flexibility or to achieve more aggressive energy savings

Green Building Rating Systems
USGBC LEED / CHPS / Green Globes Third party certification programs Baseline energy code: ASHRAE Energy savings only one focus area Sustainable Sites Water Efficiency Materials & Resources Indoor Environmental Quality Innovation & Design Collaborative for High Performance Schools (CHPS): K-12 schools; Northeast-specific

Have you worked on a project that received a green building certification?
Yes No Maybe

Are you currently working on a project that is aiming to receive certification?
Yes No Maybe

Which rating system (s) have your projects utilized?
USGBC LEED (NC, EB, CI, etc) NE-CHPS Green Globes All of the above At least two of the above

Are you a LEED-Accredited Professional (AP) or LEED “Green Associate”?
Yes No

Minimum Energy Performance:

Source: USGBC

ASHRAE Standard 189.1 ANSI standard being developed in model code language Provides minimum requirements for high-performance, green buildings Applies to all buildings except low-rise residential buildings (same as ASHRAE/IESNA Std 90.1) Optional Compliance Path to the International Green Construction Code (IgCC) Not a design guide, not a rating system Source: Introduction to Standard

ASHRAE Standard 189.1 Topic Areas Sustainable Sites
Water Use Efficiency Energy Efficiency Indoor Environmental Quality Building’s Impact on the Atmosphere, Materials & Resources Construction and Operations Plans WE EE IEQ MR CO Source: Introduction to Standard

International Green Construction Code
High performance, green building code Consistent with I-Codes Allows ASHRAE to be a compliance option Energy performance: 30% IECC Expected full release in early 2012 Source: Introduction to Standard

Living Building Challenge
No credits, just prerequisites Requires Net Zero Energy

Above Code Resources DOE Stretch Code Programs: NBI: DOE Net Zero Energy Commercial Building Initiative: www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/commercial_initiative/ USGBC LEED: NE-CHPS: Green Globes: ASHRAE 189.1: IGCC:

Questions/Discussion

Major Changes to the 2009 IECC

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Major Changes to the 2009 IECC

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