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March 12, 2010
DRILL
Copy the sentences in your notebook. Fill in the blanks using the terms below:
_______ is how much space an object occupies.
_______ is a force applied over an area.
_______ is a system in which no fluid can enter or leave. 2.
Pressure Closed System Volume 3. 1.

2. UNIT 3 – Engineering Design
U3f - L1
UNIT 3 – Engineering Design
Engineering, the systematic application of mathematical, scientific, and technical principles, produces tangible end products that meet our needs and desires.
BIG IDEA

3. UNIT 3 – Engineering Design
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UNIT 3 – Engineering Design
Getting familiar with the Big Idea
The Design Process
Core Technologies
Mechanical Technology
Electrical Technology
Reverse Technology
Fluid Technology
Thermal Technology
Optical Technology
Materials Technology
SUB-UNITS

4. Fluid Technology PURPOSE OF SUB-UNIT
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Fluid Technology
PURPOSE OF SUB-UNIT
To familiarize students with the functioning and applications of fluid technology systems.

5. Fluid Technology What is technology?
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Fluid Technology
What is technology?
The application of knowledge, tools, and skills to solve problems and extend human capabilities.
What is a technology system?
A Technology System is a group of subsystems working together to solve problems and extend human capabilities.

6. Imagine: Fluid Technology
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Fluid Technology
There are several engineering resources (core technologies) that are the “building blocks” of all technology systems.
We could store the core technologies on shelves
We can go to those shelves and use technologies according to our needs in problem solving.
Core Technologies
Mechanical
Structural
Electrical
Electronic
Thermal
Fluid
Optical
Bio-Tech
Material
Imagine:

7. What is Fluid Technology?
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FLUID TECHNOLOGY
What is Fluid Technology?
The technology of using fluid, either gas (pneumatics) or liquid (hydraulic) to apply force or to transport.
Example applications:
Air brakes on a truck,
Tires on a car,
Airfoils on an airplane,
Warm-air heating ducts,
Hydraulic jack,
Plumbing in a school
Hydro-electric dam

8. Other applications of Fluid Technology…
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FLUID TECHNOLOGY
Other applications of Fluid Technology…
Blood flow in capillaries (only a few micro-meters in diameters)
Crude oil across Alaska through 800-mile-long, 4-ft diameter pipe
Streamlined, smooth surfaces of airplanes for efficient air flight
Dimpled, rough surfaces of golf balls for efficient flight
Why does a stream of water from a faucet sometimes appear to have a smooth surface, but sometimes a rough surface?
How does aerodynamic design of cars and trucks affect gas mileage?

9. FLUID TECHNOLOGY What is a FLUID?
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FLUID TECHNOLOGY
What is a FLUID?
College engineering text definition:
a substance that deforms continuously when acted on by a shearing stress of any magnitude
Standard definition:
a substance (as a liquid or a gas) that conforms to the outline of its container
Fluid Systems have 2 things in common:
They contain a fluid, either gas (pneumatics) or liquid (hydraulics)
They contain a pressure difference that creates a net force

10. FLUID PRINCIPLES 48” x 2” = 96 cubic inches
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FLUID PRINCIPLES
Area – a surface within certain boundaries
Typically 2-dimensional
Volume – the amount of space an object occupies
3-dimensional
Force – a push or pull
Pressure – a force applied over an area
Your teacher stands on this piece of wood on the floor.
What is the pressure applied to the floor beneath the wood?
What is the area of the portion of this piece of lumber that sits on the floor?
(Convert all units to inches first)
What is the total volume of this piece of lumber?
(Convert all units to inches first)
48” x 2” = 96 cubic inches
4” x 12” = 48 square inches

11. FLUID PRINCIPLES Pressure = Force / Area F = 165 lbs.
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FLUID PRINCIPLES
Pressure is a force applied over an area.
What are some typical units for pressure?
Psi (pounds per square inch)
Pressure = Force / Area
Your teacher (weighing 165 pounds) stands on this piece of wood on the floor.
What is the pressure applied to the floor beneath the wood?
P = F / A
P = 165 lbs / 48 in2
P = 3.44 psi
F = 165 lbs.
A = 48 square inches

12. Principles of Fluid Technology
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Principles of Fluid Technology
Create a chart for data in your notebook.
Record the following experimental data.
Round to nearest 10th
AIR
Volume (ml)
Pressure (psi)

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19. Principles of Fluid Technology
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Principles of Fluid Technology
Graph your data
Make volume the independent
Make pressure the dependent
Start both at zero
X-axis
Y-axis
What is the data range?
Volume: 9-30 mL
Pressure: psi
Pressure (psi)
Volume (mL)

20. Principles of Fluid Technology
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Principles of Fluid Technology
Your graph should like the graph below.
What can you say about the relationship between volume and pressure?
As volume increases, pressure decreases
Is this a proportional or inversely proportional relationship?

21. Enjoy your night off from
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HOMEWORK
Enjoy your night off from
Engineering homework!