1. 13.1 Fluid Pressure
Pressure- force distributed over an area; Pressure= F/area
Pressure in Fluids
Water pressure increases as depth increases
The pressure of any fluid at specific depth is constant and equal pressure in every direction
Fluid pressure determined by type of fluid and depth (volume or weight does not affect pressure!)
Air Pressure in Atmosphere
Air pressure decreases as altitude increases
Atmosphere exerting 1000N of pressure on you!

2. 13.2 Forces & Pressure in Fluids
Pascal’s Principle: a change in pressure at any point in a fluid is transmitted equally and unchanged in all directions through fluid
Hydraulic Systems
Increases output force due to constant fluid pressure exerted over larger area of the output piston

3. 13.2 Forces & Pressure in Fluids
Bernoulli’s Principle: as the speed of fluid increases the pressure within the fluid decreases
Airplane wings/ lift
Air over top of wing is faster then air passing under
Pressure difference causes lift= keep flying
Spray bottles
Pressure difference from chamber and tube forces solution up tube and mixes with water moving out bottle

4. 13.3 Buoyancy
Buoyancy results in the apparent loss of weight of an object in a fluid.
Buoyant force- upward force acting against gravity
Archimedes’ Principle-buoyant force of an object = weight of the fluid displaced by the object
Density and buoyancy- object less dense than liquid floats; object is more dense than liquid it sinks; suspended if object has same density as liquid

5. 13.3 Buoyancy