1. Volume 119, Issue 1, Pages 129-138 (July 2000)
Interferon gamma induction during oral tolerance reduces T-cell migration to sites of inflammation 
Hae–Ock Lee, Stephen D. Miller, Stephen D. Hurst, Lit–Jen Tan, Cristine J. Cooper, Terrence A. Barrett 
Gastroenterology 
Volume 119, Issue 1, Pages (July 2000)
DOI: /gast
Copyright © 2000 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
OVA feeding induces IFN-γ by RAG-1–deficient Tg+ T cells in MLN and Peyer's patches. Adoptive transfer recipient mice were fed control (2) or OVA protein (■) 2 days after cell transfer. Cells from the spleen, MLN, and Peyer's patches were isolated 3 days later and stimulated with OVA Culture supernatant was collected at 48 hours and assessed for IL-2, IFN-γ, and IL-4. Levels of IL-4 were under the detection limit. Levels of cytokines were normalized for 103 Tg+ T cells in culture. Data shown are representative of 3 independent experiments.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /gast )
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3. Fig. 2
Anti–IFN-γ mAb abrogates oral tolerance of DTH responses. Adoptive transfer recipients were fed control or OVA protein (A) or given an intravenous injection of OVA peptide (B) 2 days after cell transfer (day 2). On day 9, mice were given subcutaneous injection of OVA /CFA at the base of the tail. These mice were treated with control rat IgG1 mAb (-), and anti–IFN-γ mAb on day 2 or on day 9. DTH responses were detected on days 16 and 17. Data are presented as the mean Δear swelling × 10−4 inch ± SEM from 4-6 mice. Results were repeated 3 times. *P < 0.05 compared with control-fed, OVA /CFA-immunized mice within the group. NS, not significant.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /gast )
Copyright © 2000 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Anti–IFN-γ mAb does not affect oral tolerance of antibody responses. Adoptive transfer recipients were fed control or OVA protein on day 2. On day 9, mice were given intraperitoneal injections of OVA /CFA. Mice were also treated with control rat IgG1 mAb (–) or anti–IFN-γ mAb on day 2. Serum samples were taken 3 weeks after the immunization, and levels of OVA-specific IgM plus IgG were assessed by standard ELISA. Data are presented as the mean concentration ± SEM from 4-6 mice. *P < 0.05 compared with control-fed, OVA /CFA-immunized mice within the group.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /gast )
Copyright © 2000 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
Anti–IFN-γ mAb does not interfere with blunted Tg+ T-cell expansion in OVA-fed mice. Adoptive transfer recipients were fed control (open symbols) or OVA protein (filled symbols) on day 2. On day 9, mice were given a subcutaneous injection of OVA /CFA at the base of the tail. These mice were treated with control rat IgG1 mAb (circles) or anti–IFN-γ mAb (squares) on day 2. Draining lymph node cells were isolated at intervals from day 9 through 17 and (A) numbers of CD4+KJ1-26+ cells or (B) percentages of KJ1-26+ over total CD4+ cells determined. Each time point represents average values from 3-5 mice ± SEM. Experiments were repeated 4 times.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /gast )
Copyright © 2000 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

6. Fig. 5
Anti–IFN-γ mAb does not reverse reduced Th1-type cytokine production in OVA-fed mice. Adoptive transfer recipients were treated as in Figure 4. On day 17, cells from draining lymph nodes were isolated and stimulated with OVA Levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ were measured by standard sandwich ELISA and normalized for 103 Tg+ T cells. IL-4 was under the detection limit. Measurement was performed in triplicate and average values were used. Each dot represents an individual mouse. Data are presented as compilation of 3 experiments. Control mAb: control, ○; OVA-fed, ●. Anti–IFN-γ mAb: control, 2; OVA-fed, ■.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /gast )
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7. Fig. 6
Anti–IFN-γ mAb abrogates reduced Tg+ T-cell accumulation at sites of Ag challenge in OVA-fed mice. Adoptive transfer recipients were treated as in Figure 4. On day 16, mice were injected with OVA into the dorsal surface of the ear to induce DTH reactions. Frozen ear blocks were prepared 24 hours later and 6-μm sections were obtained. Sections were stained with FITC-labeled KJ1-26 and photographed at 200× magnification. Representative sections are shown from (A) control mAb-treated, control-fed ATR; (B) control mAb-treated, OVA-fed ATR; (C) anti–IFN-γ mAb-treated, control-fed ATR; (D) anti–IFN-γ mAb-treated, OVA-fed ATR; (E) BALB/c mice immunized and ear challenged with OVA peptide; and (F) ATR mice immunized and ear challenged with PLP peptide.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /gast )
Copyright © 2000 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

8. Fig. 7
Anti–IFN-γ mAb abrogates reduced Tg+ T-cell accumulation at sites of Ag challenge in OVA-fed mice. Ear sections were stained for Tg+ T cells and developed by peroxidase substrate as described in Materials and Methods. Numbers of positively stained cells were counted under 400× magnification and plotted. Fewer than 1 cell/field were identified in parallel sections stained with control rat mAb (data not shown). Data shown are averages from 6-8 ears ± SEM. Experiments were repeated 3 times.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /gast )
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9. Fig. 8
IFN-γ–deficient Tg+ T cells are resistant to oral tolerance induction. Adoptive transfer mice were created with wild-type or IFN-γ–deficient DO11.10 donors in wild-type or IFN-γ–deficient BALB/c recipients. Mice were fed with control or OVA protein and subcutaneously immunized with OVA /CFA 7 days later. DTH responses were measured 7 days after immunization. Percent tolerance represents decrease of the Δ ear swelling for OVA-fed mice compared with control-fed mice within the group. Similar results were obtained from 4 independent experiments.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /gast )
Copyright © 2000 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions