1. Document that explains the chosen concept to the animator

2. Course Name: Relativity
Simultaneity
Course Name: Relativity
Level: UG.
Authors
Anura.B.Kenkre

3. Learning Objectives
After interacting with this Learning Object, the learner will be able to:
Predict whether a given the given set of events are simultaneous in the selected frame of reference.

4. 1 2 3 4 5 Definitions of the components/Keywords:
Events occuring at two different places in a frame must be called simultaneous when the clocks at the respective places record the same time for them. 2 3 4 5 4

5. IMPORTANT NOTE TO THE ANIMATOR:
All the instructions/labels or anything WRITTEN in blue are CONTENT NOT TO BE DISPLAYED!
All the instructions WRITTEN in black are CONTENT TO BE DISPLAYED!
This is not applicable for images as there can be overlapping of these colours there. This should be followed for all the instructions, labels,etc…
Kindly keep a note of this while displaying text in the animation.

6. Master layout or diagram
INSTRUCTIONS SLIDE 1
Master layout or diagram
Make a schematic diagram of the concept
Explain to the animator about the beginning and ending of the process.
Draw image big enough for explaining.
In above image, identify and label different components of the process/phenomenon. (These are like characters in a film)‏
Illustrate the basic flow of action by using arrows. Use BOLD lines in the diagram, (minimum 2pts.)‏
In the slide after that, provide the definitions of ALL the labels used in the diagram 2 3 4 5

7. Master layout or diagram
INSTRUCTIONS SLIDE 1
Master layout or diagram
You may have multiple master layouts.
In this case, number the master layout. ( e.g. Master layout 1)‏
Each Master layout should be followed by the stepwise description of the animation stages related to it. 2 3 4 5

8. 1 Master Layout 2 3 4 5 Pop up detector Observer in train wavefronts
SELECT!
I am the observer on the platform
I am observer in the train 2
wavefronts
DETECTOR 3
DETECTOR
EVENT 1
EVENT 2 4
If event 1 and event 2 are simultaneous.
If event 1 precedes event 2.
If event 2 precedes event 1.
Observer on platform
legend 5
Note to animator: You can put different figures in place of the observer in train and observer on platform.and redraw all the images as they may be subject to copyright issues.
Flash of light

9. Animation design 1
Please see the design template provided in the next slide.
This is a sample template, and you are free to change as per your design requirements.
Try and recreate the sections/subsections as shown in the template. 2 3 4 5

10. Test your understanding
Use STAM template
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide
26-28
Slide 31
Slide 29
Lets Learn!
Definitions
Test your understanding
(questionnaire)‏
Lets Sum up (summary)‏
Want to know more…
(Further Reading)‏
Train standing at the platform.
Train moving past the platform.
SPEED
default
slow
slower
SELECT!
I am the observer on the platform
I am observer in the train
DETECTOR
DETECTOR
EVENT 1
EVENT 2
If event 1 and event 2 are simultaneous.
If event 1 precedes event 2.
If event 2 precedes event 1.
Note to animator: you can change the arrangement of the interactivity tabs to make it more user friendly and apt from visual design point of view.

11. 1
Explain the process 2
In this step, use an example to explain the concept. It can be an analogy, a scenario, or an action which explains this concept/process/topic
Try to use examples from day-to-day life to make it more clear
You have to describe what steps the animator should take to make your concept come alive as a series of moving images.
Keep the examples simple to understand, and also to illustrate/animate. 3 4 5

12. Stepwise description of process1
The goal of the document is to provide instructions to an animator who is not a expert.
You have to describe what steps the animator should take to make your concept come alive as a moving visualization.
Use one slide per step. This will ensure clarity of the explanation.
Add a image of the step in the box, and the details in the table below the box.
You can use any images for reference, but mention about it's copyright status
The animator will have to re-draw / re-create the drawings
Add more slides as per the requirement of the animation 2 3 4 5

13. Step 1: Train standing at the platform. choose
Opening page
choose
Train standing at the platform.
Train moving past the platform.
SPEED
default
slow
slower
Description of the action/ interactivity
Ask the user to select any one of the above options.
If the user selects ‘train standing at the platform’ go to slide 14
If the user selects ‘train moving past the platform’ go to slide 18
Give three speeds to the user to choose from.
The animation will run at the default speed.
If the user chooses slow, then slow down the speed .
And if they choose slower, then slow it down considerably.
Let the speed option will always be there for the user to choose from..

14. Description of the action/ interactivity
Step 2:
Train stationary at the platform
SELECT!
I am the observer on the platform
I am observer in the train
DETECTOR
DETECTOR
EVENT 1
EVENT 2
If event 1 and event 2 are simultaneous.
If event 1 precedes event 2.
If event 2 precedes event 1.
Description of the action/ interactivity
Ask the user to select any one of the options on the right.
If the user selects ‘I am the observer on the platform’ go to slide 15.
If the user selects ‘I am observer in the train’ go to slide 16
These as well as the earlier options(given on slide 13) should always be clickable for the user. She should be able to navigate between them according to her choice.
Also give a legend somewhere to indicate the colour code for the events.
You can show a fire cracker in place of the yellow circles.

15. Description of the action/ interactivity
Step 2.1:
I am the observer on the platform
I am the observer on the platform
I am observer in the train
DETECTOR
DETECTOR
EVENT 1
EVENT 2
Description of the action/ interactivity
If the user has selected “I am the observer on the platform’ then show the above scene from the perspective of a person standing on the platform and watching the train.
By perspective I mean that the scene should look as if seen by the blue figure..i.e. I will see the detector kept in front of me,the train standing ahead with a girl inside and a detector in front of her and so on..
Then let there be two flashes simultaneously.(choose any source of light..firecracker,etc)
Along with flash 1 there should be a pop up saying event 1.
Along with flash 2 there should be a pop up saying event 2.
Wavefronts (green and red dotted lines) of light are generated due to this and they will reach the detector simultaneously for the observer on the platform as soon as the flashes are emitted and the green indicator should blink.
If the user clicks on slow then show the wavefronts travelling slowly.
If the user clicks on slow then show the wavefronts travelling very slowly.

16. Description of the action/ interactivity
Step 2.2:
I am the observer on the train
I am the observer on the platform
I am observer in the train
DETECTOR
DETECTOR
EVENT 1
EVENT 2
Description of the action/ interactivity
If the user has selected ‘I am observer in the train’ then show the above scene from the perspective of a person standing in the train and watching the platform.
By perspective I mean that the scene should look as if seen by the maroon figure..i.e. I will see the detector kept in front of me,the platform ahead with a boy standing on it and a detector in front of him and so on..
Then let there be two flashes simultaneously.(choose any source of light..firecracker,etc)
Along with flash 1 there should be a pop up saying event 1.
Along with flash 2 there should be a pop up saying event 2.
Wavefronts (green and red dotted lines) of light are generated due to this and they will reach the detector simultaneously for the observer on the train as soon as the flashes are emitted and the green indicator should blink.
If the user clicks on slow then show the wavefronts travelling slowly.
If the user clicks on slow then show the wavefronts travelling very slowly.

17. Description of the action/ interactivity
Step 2.3:
Formative assessment
After watching the animation, which of the following statements is correct according to you?
The two events(1 & 2) are simultaneous in both the frames of reference.
The two events(1 & 2) are simultaneous in platform frame of reference where as they are not simultaneous in train frame of reference
The two events(1 & 2) are not simultaneous in platform frame of reference where as they are simultaneous in train frame of reference
Description of the action/ interactivity
Allow the user to click on any one of the options.
The correct answer is option 1.
If the user selects the correct answer, display “Correct! Both, the train observer and the platform observer find the events(1 & 2) to be simultaneous.”
If the user selects the incorrect answer, display “ Have a look at the animation once more and then try again!”

18. Description of the action/ interactivity
Step 3:
Train moves past the platform
SELECT!
I am the observer on the platform
I am observer in the train
DETECTOR
DETECTOR
EVENT 1
EVENT 2
If event 1 and event 2 are simultaneous.
If event 1 precedes event 2.
If event 2 precedes event 1.
Description of the action/ interactivity
Ask the user to select any one of the options on the right.
The train should be continuously moving in the direction shown by the blue arrow.
Show firecrackers in place of the yellow circles.
If the user selects ‘I am the observer on the platform’ go to slide 19.
If the user selects ‘I am observer in the train’ go to slide 20
These as well as the earlier options(given on slide 13) should always be clickable for the user. She should be able to navigate between them according to her choice.
Also give a legend somewhere to indicate the colour code for the events.

19. Description of the action/ interactivity
Step 3.1:
‘I am the observer on the platform’
I am the observer on the platform
I am observer in the train
DETECTOR
DETECTOR
EVENT 1
EVENT 2
Description of the action/ interactivity
If the user has selected ‘I am the observer on the platform’ then show the above scene from the perspective of a person standing on the platform and watching the train moving. The train should be continuously moving in the direction shown by the blue arrow.
By perspective I mean that the scene should look as if seen by the blue figure..i.e. I will see the detector kept in front of me,the train moving past me with a girl inside and a detector in front of her and so on..
Then let there be two flashes simultaneously.(choose any source of light..firecracker,etc)
Along with flash 1 there should be a pop up saying event 1.
Along with flash 2 there should be a pop up saying event 2.
Wavefronts (green and red dotted lines) of light are generated due to this and they will reach the detector simultaneously for the observer on the platform as soon as the flashes are emitted and the green indicator should blink.
For the observer on the .platform, when the events take place, the train observer should coincide with him.
If the user clicks on slow then show the wavefronts travelling slowly.
If the user clicks on slow then show the wavefronts travelling very slowly.

20. Description of the action/ interactivity
Step 3.2:
I am observer on the train
I am the observer on the platform
I am observer in the train
DETECTOR
DETECTOR
EVENT 1
EVENT 2
Description of the action/ interactivity
If the user has selected ‘I am observer in the train’ then show the above scene from the perspective of a person standing in the train and watching the platform. The train should be continuously moving in the direction shown by the blue arrow.
By perspective I mean that the scene should look as if seen by the maroon figure..i.e. I will see the detector kept in front of me,the platform, gradually passing behind as the train in which I am moves ahead, with a boy standing on it and a detector in front of him and so on..
Observer will see event 2 flashing before event 1.
Along with flash 1 there should be a pop up saying event 1.
Along with flash 2 there should be a pop up saying event 2.
The green wavefronts reach the detector instantly as soon as event 2 takes place and the yellow indicator blinks.then the red wavefronts reach the detector soon after.
If the user clicks on slow then show the wavefronts travelling slowly.
If the user clicks on slow then show the wavefronts travelling very slowly.

21. Description of the action/ interactivity
Step 3.4:
Formative assessment
After watching the animation, which of the following statements is correct according to you?
The two events(1 & 2) are simultaneous in both the frames of reference.
The two events(1 & 2) are simultaneous in platform frame of reference where as they are not simultaneous train frame of reference
The two events(1 & 2) are not simultaneous in platform frame of reference where as they are simultaneous in train frame of reference
Description of the action/ interactivity
Allow the user to click on any one of the options.
The correct answer is option 2.
If the user selects the correct answer, display Correct! The platform observer finds the events to be simultaneous where as the train observer finds that the event 2 precedes event 1 in time and they are not simultaneous to her.”
If the user selects the incorrect answer, display “ Have a look at the animation once more and then try again!”

22. Interactivity and Boundary limits1
Interactivity and Boundary limits
In this section, you will add the ‘Interactivity’ options to the animation.
Use the template in the next slide to give the details.
Insert the image of the step/s (explained earlier in the Section 3) in the box, and provide the details in the table below.
The details of Interactivity could be:
Types: Drop down, Slider bar, Data inputs etc.
Options: Select one, Multiple selections etc
Boundary Limits: Values of the parameters, which won’t show results after a particular point
Results: Explain the effect of the interaction in this column
Add more slides if necessary 2 3 4 5

23. Interactivity option 1: Step No:
From 13-21 2 3
Instructions for the animator
Instruction to the learner
Results and Output
Boundary limits
Interactivity type (IO1/IO2..)‏ 4 5

24. Self- Assessment Questionnaire for Learners
INSTRUCTIONS SLIDE
Self- Assessment Questionnaire for Learners
Please provide a set of questions that a user can answer based on the LO. They can be of the following types:
These questions should be 5 in number and can be of objective type (like MCQ, Match the columns, Yes or No, Sequencing, Odd One Out).
The questions can also be open-ended. The user would be asked to think about the question. The author is requested to provide hints if possible, but a full answer is not necessary.
One can include questions, for which the user will need to interact with the LO (with certain parameters) in order to answer it.

25. Questionnaire for users to test their understanding
INSTRUCTIONS SLIDE
Questionnaire for users to test their understanding
Please make sure that the questions can be answered by interacting with the LO. It is better to avoid questions based purely on recall.

26. Questionnaire
1)If two events are simultaneous in frame of reference ‘A’, are they simultaneous in all other frames of reference?
Answers: a)Yes, always!
b) No, only if the observer in reference frame ‘A’ is stationary with respect to the observers in all the other frames of reference.
c) No, only if the observer in reference frame ‘A’ is in relative motion with respect to the observers in all the other frames of reference.
Answers:1) b
Feedback:
If user clicks correct answer then display “Correct! Make sure you can explain the reasoning!”
If user clicks incorrect answer then display “Play with the simulation and Try again!”

27. Questionnaire
2) Two trains are moving with respect to each other in the direction as shown:
Observer O says that two events A and B are simultaneous.
What will observer O’ say?
Answers: a)Yes, they are simultaneous here also.
b) No, event A takes place before event B.
c) No, event B takes place before event A.
TRAIN 1
O observer
TRAIN 2
O’ observer
Event A
Event B
Answers:2) c
Feedback:
If user clicks correct answer then display “Correct! Make sure you can explain the reasoning!”
If user clicks incorrect answer then display “Play with the simulation and Try again!”

28. Questionnaire
3) Two trains are moving with the same velocity with respect to a ground observer, in the direction as shown:
Observer O says that two events A and B are simultaneous.
What will observer O’ say?
Answers: a)Yes, they are simultaneous here also.
b) No, event A takes place before event B.
c) No, event B takes place before event A.
TRAIN 1
O observer
Event A
Event B
TRAIN 2
O’ observer
Answers:3)a
Feedback:
If user clicks correct answer then display “Correct! Make sure you can explain the reasoning!”
If user clicks incorrect answer then display “Play with the simulation and Try again!”

29. Links for further reading
Books:
Introduction to the special theory of relativity-Robert Resnick.
Spacetime physics- Taylor/Wheeler.

30. INSTRUCTIONS SLIDE
Summary
Please provide points to remember to understand the concept/ key terms of the animation
The summary will help the user in the quick review of the concept.

31. Summary
Events occuring at two different places in a frame must be called simultaneous when the clocks at the respective places record the same time for them.
Neither frame is preferred and the situation is perfectly reciprocal.
Simultaneity is a relative concept and not an absolute one.