1. YAP and TAZ Regulate Skin Wound Healing
Min-Jung Lee, Mi Ran Byun, Makoto Furutani-Seiki, Jeong-Ho Hong, Han-Sung Jung 
Journal of Investigative Dermatology 
Volume 134, Issue 2, Pages (February 2014)
DOI: /jid
Copyright © 2014 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
The localization of yes-associated protein (YAP) and TAZ (transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif) in the mouse skin wound. (a) Normal skin consists of epidermis and dermis. Scale bar=500 μm. H&E, hematoxylin and eosin. (f, k, p) The arrowheads indicate the boundary of the normal site (to the left) and wound site (right) after wounding. (b–t) YAP and TAZ expression was detected in uninjured and wounded area. Scale bars=50 μm and 100 μm. Each rectangle is shown as a high-magnification image. Scale bar=50 μm. The arrows indicate positive cells. DP, dermal papilla; IRS, inner root sheet. (u) A schematic diagram illustrating the localization of YAP and TAZ in the skin and wound area (D, dermis; E, epidermis; W, wound area). (v, w) The number of YAP-positive cells and the area of TAZ expression were measured in the wound area after treatment with control, YAP, and TAZ small interfering RNAs (siRNAs; n=15 each). (x) Western blot analysis of the nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions of cultures of NIH3T3 cells. C, cytoplasmic; N, nuclear.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology  , DOI: ( /jid )
Copyright © 2014 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Skin repair during wound healing. (a) Microscopic analysis of wound closure in control small interfering RNA (siRNA)-, yes-associated protein (YAP) siRNA-, and TAZ (transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif) siRNA-treated wounds. The arrow indicates the scab. Scale bar=1 mm. (b) Comparison of the open proportion of the wound relative to the initial area in the control siRNA- versus YAP siRNA- and TAZ siRNA-treated wounds (n=6 for each). (c) FITC-tagged control siRNA (green fluorescence) was applied to the wounds to assess which tissues and to what depths YAP and TAZ were being depleted (evaluated at 18 hours). Nuclear was stained with TOPRO-III (red fluorescence). Scale bar=200 μm. (d, e) Real-time PCR analysis of (d) YAP and (e) TAZ gene expression at the wound sites. The data are expressed as the mean±SEM; *P<0.05.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology  , DOI: ( /jid )
Copyright © 2014 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

4. Figure 3
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) localization at the wound sites. (a–r) Immunohistochemistry for TGF-β1 at wound sites treated with control small interfering RNA (siRNA; a, d: day 1, g, j: day 2, m, p: day 7), YAP (Yes-associated protein) siRNA (b, e: day 1, h, k: day 2, n, q: day 7), and TAZ (transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif) siRNA (c, f: day 1, i, l: day 2, o, r: day 7). Scale bars=500 μm. The indicated boxed areas are high-magnification images. Scale bar=100 μm. (s) The area of TGF-β1 expression in the dermis wound area (n=7 for each). The TGF-β1 staining was weaker in the dermis treated with YAP or TAZ siRNAs than in those treated with control siRNA at day 1 after wounding. (t, u) Quantitative analysis of TGF-β1 secretion by NIH3T3 cells transfected with YAP and TAZ siRNAs. The counts are expressed as the mean±SEM; *P<0.05.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology  , DOI: ( /jid )
Copyright © 2014 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

5. Figure 4
The expression of connective-tissue growth factor (CTGF), Smad-2, p21, Smad-7, and p-Smad-2 at wound sites. (a–h) Real-time PCR analysis of CTGF, Smad-2, p21, and Smad-7 gene expression at the wound sites. The relative expression levels of (a, b) CTGF, (c, d) Smad-2, (e, f) p21, and (g, h) Smad-7 to B2m (n=for each 5) after wounding in control small interfering RNA (siRNA)-, yes-associated protein (YAP) siRNA-, and TAZ (transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif) siRNA-treated wounds. The data are expressed as the mean±SEM; *P<0.05; **P< (i, j) Western blotting analyses were performed using antibodies against p-Smad-2.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology  , DOI: ( /jid )
Copyright © 2014 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions