Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

copyright cmassengale

Similar presentations


Presentation on theme: "copyright cmassengale"— Presentation transcript:

1 copyright cmassengale
Study of Biology copyright cmassengale

2 copyright cmassengale
What is Biology? Biology is the study of all living things Living things are called organisms Organisms include bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, & animals copyright cmassengale

3 All Living Things Share Common Characteristics
Basic Unit is the Cell They Reproduce All Based On Universal Genetic Code (DNA) Grow & Develop copyright cmassengale

4 Common Characteristics
Obtain & Use Materials & Energy Respond To Their Environment Maintain A Stable Internal Environment AS A GROUP, Living Things Evolve, That Is They Change Over Time copyright cmassengale

5 Characteristics of Organisms
copyright cmassengale

6 All Organisms are made of Cells
copyright cmassengale

7 copyright cmassengale
Facts About Cells Cells are the smallest living unit of an organism All cells contain living material called cytoplasm All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane that controls what enters & leaves the cell copyright cmassengale

8 copyright cmassengale
More Cell Facts Cells are complex & highly organized Cells have parts called organelles that do different jobs e.g. Chloroplasts in plants make sugars copyright cmassengale

9 copyright cmassengale
More Cell Facts The simplest cells are called Prokaryotes These cells DO NOT have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles Bacteria are examples copyright cmassengale

10 copyright cmassengale
More Cell Facts More complex cells are called Eukaryotes These cells DO have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Plants, animals, protists, & fungi are examples copyright cmassengale

11 Organisms are Grouped by their Number of Cells
Unicellular Organisms Living Organism Made Up Of One Cell Multicellular Organisms Living Organism Made Up Of Many, Specialized Cells copyright cmassengale

12 Organisms Reproduce to Pass on their Genetic Traits
copyright cmassengale

13 Two Types of Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction Involves 2 parents Egg fertilized by sperm to make a ZYGOTE Offspring DIFFERENT from parents copyright cmassengale

14 Two Types of Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction Involves a single organism or cell Cell divides Offspring IDENTICAL to parent copyright cmassengale

15 Cells Have a Genetic Code
copyright cmassengale

16 copyright cmassengale
Genetic Code DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid) carries the genetic code for all organisms All organisms contain DNA DNA codes for the proteins that make up cells & do all the work copyright cmassengale

17 Organisms Grow & Develop
copyright cmassengale

18 copyright cmassengale
Growth & Development Organisms grow by producing MORE CELLS & by cell ENLARGEMENT Organisms develop as they mature into an adult organism copyright cmassengale

19 Cells Require Food & Energy
copyright cmassengale

20 copyright cmassengale
Food Requirements Autotrophs can make their own food Photoautotrophs use sunlight to make food (photosynthesis) Chemoautotrophs use chemicals such as iron & sulfur as their energy copyright cmassengale

21 copyright cmassengale
Food Requirements Heterotrophs can NOT make their own food They must consume other organisms Herbivores eat plants Carnivores eat meat Omnivores eat plants & animals copyright cmassengale

22 copyright cmassengale
Metabolism Sum of all the chemical reactions in an organism All require energy Sunlight is the ultimate energy for life on Earth copyright cmassengale

23 copyright cmassengale
Metabolism Cellular Respiration Cells releasing the chemical energy stored in foods 6O2 + C6H12O CO2 + 6H2O copyright cmassengale

24 Organisms Respond to Stimuli
Organisms Respond to stimuli (Temperature, Water, Food Supplies, etc.) In Order To Survive & Reproduce copyright cmassengale

25 copyright cmassengale
Homeostasis Keeping The Internal Environment (Homeostasis) Of The Cell or Organism Within The Ranges Required For Life Stable internal conditions of pH, temperature, water balance, etc. copyright cmassengale

26 copyright cmassengale
Living Things Evolve Groups Of Organisms (Not Individuals) Change Over Time In Order To Survive Within Changing Environments. Fossil records show changes in groups of organisms copyright cmassengale

27 Life is Organized on Several Levels
copyright cmassengale

28 copyright cmassengale
Levels Atoms Molecules Organelles Cells – life starts here Tissues Organs System Organism copyright cmassengale

29 copyright cmassengale
Levels Population Community Ecosystem Biosphere copyright cmassengale

30 copyright cmassengale

31 copyright cmassengale


Download ppt "copyright cmassengale"

Similar presentations


Ads by Google