1. Pathogenesis of IBD, and the Role of Biologic Therapies

2. Learning Objectives

3. Events Culminating in Intestinal Inflammation

4. Etiologic Theories in IBD

5. Genetics of IBD 163 Confirmed Loci

9. Anti-integrins

11. Therapeutic Concentrations

12. Factors that Influence Pharmacokinetics of TNF Antagonists

13. Anti-TNF Effectiveness in CD and UC

14. Safety Concerns With Anti-TNF Therapy

15. Adverse Events With Vedolizumab

16. All Biologics

17. Biologics and Immunomodulators in Pivotal Trials

18. Evidence for Combination Therapy in IBD in Immunosuppressive-naive Patients

19. TREAT Update Multivariate Logistic Regression Analyses

20. What Drives Loss of Response to Monoclonal Anti-TNF Antibodies?

21. Algorithm for Loss of Response to Anti-TNF

22. Utility of Infliximab and ATI Assays

23. Summary

24. Abbreviations

25. Abbreviations (cont)

26. References

27. References (cont)

28. References (cont)

29. References (cont)

30. References (cont)