1. Introduction to Stoichiometry
How are mol to mol and gram to gram conversion calculated for different elements/compounds in a chemical rxn?

2. What is Stoichiometry?
The quantitative relationships between amounts of reactants used and products formed by a chemical reaction.
Shows how much reactant
is needed to produce each
product
Coefficients are the number
of each compound needed
or produced in the rxn.

3. Just like a recipe….
1 Banana + 5 Strawberries  2 Smoothies How many smoothies can be made from 2 bananas if you had plenty of strawberries? How many smoothies can be made from 25 strawberries if you had plenty of bananas?
4, ratio is 1:2
10, ratio is 5:2

4. Mole Ratios Ratios between: 2 Al + 3 Br2 → 2 AlBr3
Reactants, Products, or Reactants and Products
2 Al + 3 Br2 → 2 AlBr3
Because this shows the relationships in balanced equations, molar ratios are used as conversion factors!
ONLY way to convert BETWEEN DIFFERENT elements/compounds in a chemical equation.
Determine some mole ratios for this equation!

5. Aluminum chloride reacts with oxygen to form aluminum chlorate
Ex: Write molar ratios for the following example:
Aluminum chloride reacts with oxygen to form aluminum chlorate
Write the molar ratios for the following substances:
Aluminum chloride and oxygen
Oxygen and aluminum chlorate
Aluminum chloride and aluminum chlorate

6. On Your Own: Mole ratios
1. _____BaCl2 + _____KClO3 → _____Ba(ClO3)2 + _____KCl
Moles BaCl2 : Moles KCl Moles KClO3 : Moles KCl
2. _____H2 + _____O2 → _____H2O
Moles H2 : Moles H2O Moles O2 : Moles H2

7. Mole to Mole Conversions
Use dimensional analysis to convert from one substance to another substance in a chemical reaction
Helps to determine how much you need to start with or how much you would end up with

8. Mole to Mole Conversions #3 in your packet
How many moles of CO2 are produced from the combustion of 7.3 moles C4H10? 2 C4H10(g) + 13 O2(g)  8 CO2(g) + 10 H2O(g)
7.3 mols C4H10 8
mols CO2
29.2 mols CO2
mols C4H10 2

9. Mole to Mole Conversions #4 in your packet
How many moles of iron are produced when 1.75 moles of iron (III) sulfate reacts with zinc? Fe2(SO4)3(aq) + 3 Zn(s)  3 ZnSO4(aq) + 2 Fe(s)
1.75 mols Fe2(SO4)3 2
mols Fe
3.5 mols Fe = 1
mols Fe2(SO4)3

10. On Your Own: Mole to Mole Conversions
5. _____C3H8(g) + _____O2(g) → _____H2O(g) + _____CO2(g)
How many moles of water will be produced if 1.2 mol of oxygen reacts with excess C3H8?
6. ____K(s) + _____HgCl2(aq) → _____Hg(s) + _____KCl(aq)
How many moles of potassium are needed to react with moles of HgCl2?
0.96 mols H2O
1.27 mols K

11. Stoichiometry Conversions
Use dimensional analysis to convert between grams, moles and particles of different substances in a chemical reaction!
1 mol = 6.02 x 1023 representative particles
1 mol = molar mass (g)
Mole Ratios
**1 mol = 22.4 L of STP
Standard temperature and pressure: 1 atm & 0°C
Liters = Volume of Gas

12. Molar Volume of A Gas Gases are measured in Liters not grams
When converting with a gas at STP (standard temperature and pressure) use the conversion factor: 1 mol = 22.4 L
Ex. 2 H2(g) + O2(g)  2 H2O(g)
If you had 4.8 moles of hydrogen gas, what volume of water vapor would be produced?
4.8 mol H2 x 2 mol H2O x L H2O = = 110 L H2O
mol H mol H2O

13. Stoichiometry Conversions #7 in your packet
How many grams of solution are produced when grams of aqueous iron (III) sulfate are reacted with an excess of zinc metal?
Fe2(SO4)3 (aq) + 3 Zn (s) → 3 ZnSO4 (aq) + 2 Fe (s)
25.03 g Fe2(SO4)3
mol Fe2(SO4)3 1
mol ZnSO4 3
161.46
g ZnSO4
30.3 g ZnSO4
399.91
mol Fe2(SO4)3 1
mol ZnSO4 1
g Fe2(SO4)3

14. Stoichiometry Conversions #8 in your packet
How many grams of metal are produced when grams of aqueous iron (III) nitrate reacts with an excess amount of calcium?
2 Fe(NO3)3 (aq) + 3 Ca (s) → 2 Fe (s) + 3 Ca(NO3)2 (aq)
100.0 g Fe(NO3)3
mol Fe(NO3)3 1 2
mol Fe
55.85
g Fe
23.1 g Fe
241.88
mol Fe(NO3)3 2 1
mol Fe
g Fe(NO3)3

15. On Your Own - Stoichiometry Conversions
9. How many grams of barium chloride solution would be needed to produce 33 grams of iron (III) chloride when reacted with iron (III) sulfate ?
3 BaCl2 (aq) + Fe2(SO4)3 (aq) → 2 FeCl3 (aq) + 3 BaSO4 (s)
33 g FeCl3
g FeCl3
162.2
mol FeCl3 1
63.5 g BaCl2 2
mol
BaCl2 3
g BaCl2
208.23 1

16. Stoichiometry Conversions #10 in your packet
a. Hydrogen gas reacts with fluorine gas. How many grams of gas will form from 1.7 mole of hydrogen gas with sufficient fluorine?
H2 (g) + F2 (g) → 2 HF (g)
1.7 moles H2 2
mol HF
20.01
g HF
68.0 g HF 1 1
mol HF
Mole H2

17. Stoichiometry Conversions #10 in your packet
b. Hydrogen gas reacts with fluorine gas. How many moles of fluorine are needed to produce 160 grams of gas?
H2 (g) + F2 (g) → 2 HF (g)
160 grams HF 1
mol HF 1
mol F2
4.00 mol F2
20.01 2
mol HF
g HF

18. On Your Own - #11 in packet 5 mol NH3 336 L H2
a) If 2.5 moles of N2 react, how many moles of NH3 can be produced?
b) If 10.0 moles of NH3 are produced, how many liters of H2 would be needed?
c) If 3.50 grams of H2 react, how many molecules of NH3 would be made?
d) If 0.60 grams of NH3 are produced, how many grams of N2 are required?
5 mol NH3
336 L H2
6.96 x 1023 molecules NH3
0.493 g N2