1. Day 4 - Northeast Region of S.W. Asia
Chapter 22 section 3

2. What countries are located in the Northeast?
Turkey
Iran
Iraq
Afghanistan

3. Early Civilizations
Mesopotamia- many civilizations were started here in the “land between the rivers” (AKA The Fertile Crescent)
Huge empires built between the rivers
Innovations from the region: metal tools & gov’t organization
Huge empires built between the rivers
Innovations such as metal tools and government organization result from these civilizations

4. Why do tensions exist? Many ethnic groups live in the area
Most follow Islam
Two main branches of Islam
Sunni- believe leader should be best fit for the job
4 out of 5 Muslims are Sunni
Shi’ite- believe the leader should be blood-related to Muhammad
Most Iranians are Shi’ite
4 out of 5 Muslims are Sunni. Most Iranians are Shi’ite.
Difference is the Sunni believe their leader should be elected based on their capability to do the job and the Shi’ite believe that their leader should be a direct descendent of Muhammad.

5. What is the Taliban?
Fundamentalist Muslim political group in Afghanistan
Known for protecting bin Laden and his al Qaeda terrorist network
2001- Operation Enduring Freedom: Goal was to seize terrorist finances and destroy infrastructure
New government headed by Hamid Karzai
Osama bin Laden escapes coalition until – executed at his compound during raid by U.S. Navy Seals
Fundamentalist Muslim political group

7. Who was Saddam Hussein? Dictator of Iraq
Brutal and corrupt (killed >250,000 people)
Believed to still have weapons of mass destruction (WMDs)
1991- Hussein told to destroy WMDs
2003- Operation Iraqi Freedom: removed him from power
2006- Executed after guilty verdict from his tribunal in Iraq
The total number of deaths caused by Saddam's government is unknown, but the lowest estimate is about 250,000.
GB and USA combined forces and launched in March 2003
Saddam executed in 2006 after being found guilty by a tribunal in Iraq.

8. Video ends right when his head enters the noose

9. What is ISIS?
ISIS is a powerful terrorist militant group that has seized control after the Taliban
Infamous for its brutal violence and murderous assaults on civilians
This self-described caliphate has claimed responsibility for hundreds of terrorist attacks around the world

10. Restrictions under Sha’ria Law No television, music or movies
No whistling or clapping
No dancing
No shorts
No photography
No smoking
Men must have a beard and wear a head covering

11. Restrictions for Women
No jobs; women must stay at home
Must wear the burqa and be with a male relative outside the house
No schooling/education
No revealing ankles/ no white socks
No treatment by male doctors
No make-up or brightly colored clothes

12. No associating with male shopkeepers No laughing loudly No high heels
No driving
No riding bicycles
No washing clothes next to a river unless a male relative is present
Windows must be painted or covered