1. The Technological World

2. What is a technical object?

3. Exploded View of a Technical Object

4. Constraints
A constraint is a stress or a force that is applied on an object. Technical objects should be designed to overcome these stresses. There are 5 different constraints to know:

5. Compression
A squeezing, crushing, or pushing force

6. Compression
A squeezing, crushing, or pushing force

7. Tension
A pulling or stretching force.

8. Tension
A pulling or stretching force.

9. Torsion
A twisting force

10. Torsion
A twisting force

11. Deflection
A bending force

12. Deflection
A bending force

13. Shearing
A cutting, or tearing force

14. Shearing
A cutting, or tearing force

15. Too much stress
Sometimes a constraint can be so strong that it can damage an object by causing a deformation (change in shape). There are 3 types of deformations to know:

16. Elastic deformation
The material returns to its original shape once the constraint is removed. The change in shape is temporary.

17. Plastic
A permanent change in shape, even when the constraint is removed.

18. Fracture
The constraint causes the object to break