1. Involvement of the Fas–Fas ligand system and active caspase-3 in abnormal apoptosis in human testes with maturation arrest and Sertoli cell–only syndrome 
Suel-Kee Kim, Ph.D., Yong-Dal Yoon, Ph.D., Yong-Seog Park, Ph.D., Ju Tae Seo, Ph.D., M.D., Jong-Hoon Kim, Ph.D. 
Fertility and Sterility 
Volume 87, Issue 3, Pages (March 2007)
DOI: /j.fertnstert
Copyright © 2007 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

2. FIGURE 1
In situ TUNEL staining for detection of apoptotic cells in the normal human testes and in testicular pathologies. (A) Testis with normal spermatogenesis; (B, C) testis with maturation arrest (MA); (D, E) testis with Sertoli cell–only syndrome (SCO); (F) negative control generated by substituting dH2O instead of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase during the labeling step. Arrows in (B) and (C) indicate apoptotic testicular germ cells, and arrows in (D) and (E) indicate apoptotic Sertoli cells. All arrowheads in (C), (D), and (E) indicate apoptotic interstitial cells. Magnification, ×200.
Kim. Fas-FasL system correlates with apoptosis in human testis. Fertil Steril 2007.
Fertility and Sterility  , DOI: ( /j.fertnstert )
Copyright © 2007 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

3. FIGURE 2
Transcriptional expressions of (A) FasL, (B) Fas, and (C) caspase-3 genes in the normal human testes and in testicular pathologies. The mRNA expressions were evaluated by RT-PCR. Representative PCR products stained with ethidium bromide are presented in the upper panel, and relative ratios of the expressions of target genes to GAPDH are presented in the lower panel. The percentage of the relative expression level in the graph was scaled such that the expression level of the normal group was equal to 100. Abbreviations: NOR, normal spermatogenesis; MA, maturation arrest; SCO, Sertoli cell–only syndrome; bp, base pair. *P<.05, significant differences from the normal values.
Kim. Fas-FasL system correlates with apoptosis in human testis. Fertil Steril 2007.
Fertility and Sterility  , DOI: ( /j.fertnstert )
Copyright © 2007 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

4. FIGURE 3
Immunohistochemical analyses of FasL, Fas, pro–caspase-3, and active caspase-3 expressions in the normal human testes and in testicular pathologies. Immunolocalization of FasL, Fas, pro–caspase-3, and active caspase-3 for normal (NOR) spermatogenesis (A, D, G, J); maturation arrest (MA) (B, E, H, K); and Sertoli cell–only syndrome (SCO) (C, F, I, L). Note that the overall expressions of FasL, Fas, and active caspase-3 are increased in the testes with deranged spermatogenesis. Magnification, ×200.
Kim. Fas-FasL system correlates with apoptosis in human testis. Fertil Steril 2007.
Fertility and Sterility  , DOI: ( /j.fertnstert )
Copyright © 2007 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions