1. US History Review
30e - explain the reasons for French settlement of Quebec (fur trade)
30f - explain the Spanish colonial presence in Florida and its impact on the creation of Georgia as a buffer colony

2. The Gilded Age ( )

3. Reconstruction & Rise of Jim Crow
USA in the Gilded Age:
Industrialization
Ranching, Mining, Farming
Reconstruction & Rise of Jim Crow

4. USA in the Gilded Age: 1870-1900 The South:
After the failure of Reconstruction in 1877, the South entered the Jim Crow era
Industry was regional by 1890: (a) NE had 85% of industry, (b) the sparsely-settled West provided raw materials for industry, & (c) the South was still recovering from war (made tobacco, iron & textiles; but ½ as many manufactured goods as NY state)

5. Sharecropping & Segregation

6. USA in the Gilded Age: 1870-1900 The West:
Farmers, ranchers, & miners closed the last of the frontier at the expense of Indians

7. Mining was the 1st attraction to the West; Miners created “instant towns” in areas where gold or silver was discovered

8. Cattle Ranchers on the “Open Range”

9. The Farming Bonanza
In 1862, the U.S. government began the Homestead Act which encouraged farmers to settle in the West by offering 160 acres of land to families who promised to live there for 5 years
A pioneer sod house

10. Irish workers made up a large percentage of laborers on the eastern section
Chinese workers made up a large percentage of laborers on the western leg
1st transcontinental railroad connected the west coast to eastern cities in 1869

11. Populists Populists were westerners who wanted
“Free silver” (Bi-metalism)
Regulation of railroads
Income tax
Direction election of senators

12. Native Americans in the West: Major Battles & Reservations
Little Big Horn—Sioux surrounded & killed US Army division led by Custer
Wounded Knee—Indians were killed to stop performance of Ghost Dance ritual
Indian tribes retained only a few reservations set aside by the U.S. government

13. Experienced an industrial revolution, mass immigration, & urbanization
USA in the Gilded Age:
The North:
Experienced an industrial revolution, mass immigration, & urbanization

14. America became the world’s leader in Railroad, Oil, Steel, Electricity

15. Vertical & Horizontal Integration

16. “Big Business”
Monopolies (trusts): Companies that controlled the majority of one industry:
Rockefeller’s Standard Oil
Carnegie’s U.S. Steel
Vanderbilt’s railroads

17. Working & Living Conditions

18. “New Immigration” & Urbanization

19. Robber Barons or Captains of Industry?

21. The Progressive Era (1890-1920)

22. The Progressive Era (1890-1920)
Social Gospel
Jane Addams & settlement houses
Women’s Christian Temperance Union
Political Reforms:
Initiative, recall, referendum
16 -19th amend

23. Muckraking Journalism
History of Standard Oil helped push for the break-up of monopolies
Muckraking Journalism
The Jungle led the gov’t to pass the Meat Inspection Act in 1906

24. Anti-Trust Reform

25. Progressive Reform in the States
Progressives made state governments more democratic:
Initiatives—citizens (not politicians) can put an issue on a state ballot & vote to make laws
Referendums—citizens vote on an issue (such as tax increases) suggested by state legislatures
Recalls—citizens can remove an elected official by popular vote
17th amendment allowed for the direct election of Senators

26. Reforming Society Social Reform:
Jane Addams’ settlement houses for poor urban workers
NAACP formed to help fight discrimination against blacks
18th Amendment: prohibition
19th Amendment: gave women the right to vote