1. Boy! What a little cell can do!
The Cell and it’s Parts!
Boy! What a little cell can do!
SMP - LE 2013 notes

2. Why study cells? Cells  Tissues  Organs  organ systems  organism
bodies are made up of cells
cells do all the work of life!
SMP - LE 2013 notes

3. The Cell Theory All living things are composed of cells
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
New cells are produced from existing cells
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4. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
Have cell membrane
Have cytoplasm
DNA is free floating in cytoplasm
NO NUCLEUS
Bacteria!
Eukaryotes
Have cell membrane
Have cytoplasm
DNA is contained
IN NUCLEUS
Have organelles
Specialized structures with specific functions
SMP - LE 2013 notes

5. Cells have 3 Main Jobs ATP
1. Making energy to fuel daily life & growth, the cell must…
take in nutrients, oxygen (O2)
make ATP
remove waste (carbon dioxide)
ATP
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6. Our organelles do all these jobs!
2. Make proteins
proteins do all the work in a cell, so we need lots of them
3. Make more cells
for growth
to replace damaged or diseased cells
Our organelles do all these jobs!
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7. CELL ORGANELLES
Tiny membrane-bound structures that perform special functions inside the cell
VIDEO:
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8. Controls movement in and out of cell
Cell Membrane:
Functions:
Controls movement in and out of cell
Receives signals from other cells (in multicellular orgs)
Found in:
All cells
Cytoplasm:
Function:
Site of chemical reactions
Contained by cell membrane
Cell Wall
Provides support
Plants and Fungi
Surrounds cell membrane
SMP - LE 2013 notes

9. Nucleus Function: Center of nucleus Site of ribosome synthesis
Contains DNA (chromatin)
“Control center” of cell
Surrounded by Nuclear membrane
Nucleolus:
Center of nucleus
Site of ribosome synthesis
Found in:
All eukaryotic cells
SMP - LE 2013 notes

10. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Ribosomes
Function:
Site of protein synthesis
“Little dots”
Found in:
All eukaryotic cells
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Assembly of cell parts and transport
“Smooth” has no ribosomes
“Rough” has ribosomes on surface
SMP - LE 2013 notes

11. Golgi Apparatus Lysosomes Function: Found in:
Proteins are packaged and shipped here
Found in:
All eukaryotic cells
Lysosomes
Contain enzymes that break down things
Heterotrophic cells
SMP - LE 2013 notes

12. Mitochondria Vacuole Function: Found in: Site of cellular respiration
Releasing energy from food
“Powerhouse” of cell
Found in:
All eukaryotic cells
Vacuole
Empty space used for storage
Much LARGER in plant cells…WHY?
Need to store water and starch
SMP - LE 2013 notes

13. Site of photosynthesis
Chloroplast
Function:
Site of photosynthesis
Uses sun’s energy and water to make food (glucose)!
Found in:
Autotrophs (Plant cells, and some Protists)
SMP - LE 2013 notes

14. Eukaryotic Cells include Plant and Animal Cells
ANIMAL CELL STRUCTURE
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15. Let’s compare Animal and Plant cells
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm,
Nucleus, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, ER, Golgi
Lysosomes
Small Vacuoles
Centrioles
Round shape
Cell Wall
Chloroplasts
Large Vacuole
Rectangular shape
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16. Diversity of Cellular Life
Unicellular vs. Multicellular Organisms
Let’s watch a VIDEO: (2:01)
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17. 1. Unicellular Organisms - The cell IS the organism
They grow, reproduce, respond to environment, and maintain homeostasis
Colonial Organisms:
“Live” together, but have no specialization
Ex. Protists and Bacteria
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18. 2. Multicellular Organisms
Made of many cells
Cell specialization:
Cells are specialized to perform specific functions
Cells of same type work together
Ex. Red blood cells, nerve cells, muscle cells, etc….
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19. Let’s compare unicellular to multicellular organisms!
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Lysosome
Multicellular
Nervous system
Skin; Respiratory
Digestive system
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20. Closer look at cell specialization
Red blood cells are designed to carry oxygen
Nerve cells are designed to carry impulses
Muscle cells are designed to promote movement
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21. Multicellular Organization
Organ Systems (Digestive) Organ (Stomach) Tissue (Smooth muscle Tissue) Specialized cells (Muscle cell)
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22. Practice Can you explain the levels of organization involved in touch:
Nerve cells (specialized cells)
Brain tissue (tissue)
Brain (organ)
Nervous system (organ system)
SMP - LE 2013 notes

23. Cell videos for review Cell organelle song recap (3:10)
Cell review Lesson
Cell Rap song
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24. THE END
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