1. Wilderness First Aid Acronyms

2. MOI
Mechanism Of Injury: What caused the injury?

3. SAMPLE Signs & symptoms: Ask what hurts? Allergies: do they have any?
Medications: on any, last time taken?
Pertinent medical history: anything like this happened before? Existing conditions?
Last intake & output: Last time ate or drank? Last time urinated or defecated?
Events: What led up to this injury (Mechanism Of Injury)?

4. ABCDE Airway - open? Breathing – is the patient?
Circulation – check hands, feet
Disability, possible damage to spinal cord? Environment/Exposure – where is the patient, what are they exposed to?

5. SOAP Subjective info (complaints)
Objective info (i.e. physical exam, vital signs, SAMPLE
Assess patient & situation, what do you think is wrong?
Plan, what care do you give & how? Stay or evacuate?

6. DOTS Deformities, depressions, indentations and discoloration
Open injuries, penetrating wounds, cuts, scrapes
Tenderness
Swelling

7. AVPU Alertness Verbal: Responds to verbal stimuli
A + Ox4: knows who, where, when, what
A + Ox3: knows who, where, when
A + Ox2: knows who, where
A + Ox1: knows who
Verbal: Responds to verbal stimuli
Pain: Responds to pain
Unresponsive

8. SCTM
Skin
Color
Temperature
Moisture

9. BEAM (lift)

10. LOR
Level Of Responsiveness – see AVPU

11. HAINES High Arm IN Endangered Spine
Position to place patient if neck/spine injury is suspected

12. RICE
Rest
Immobilization
Cold
Elevation

13. UMBLES Inability to perform tasks: “fumbles”
Confusion, apathy, sluggish, “grumbles”
Slurred speech, “mumbles”
Altered gait, “stumbles”

14. RTRG Reach with arm, paddle, or pole Throw, rope, buoy, life preserver
Row out to victim & reach to help
Go (swim) only, if you are excellent swimmer & have training in water rescue.

15. Questions??? What else could you add to your First Aid Kit?